SHL7.0-1.0/95/70-AⅡ熱水鍋爐設(shè)計


摘  要
鍋爐作為一種能源轉(zhuǎn)換設(shè)備，在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。它通過煤、石油或天然氣的燃燒放出的化學(xué)能，并通過傳熱把熱量傳遞給水，使水加熱（或變成蒸氣），熱水直供給工業(yè)生產(chǎn)和民用生活、供暖，所以鍋爐的主要任務(wù)是：把燃料中的化學(xué)能最有效的轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闊崮堋?br /> 本次的畢業(yè)設(shè)計的題目是SHL7.0-1.0/95/70-AⅡ，屬于水管式自然循環(huán)鍋爐。設(shè)計本著鍋爐運行的安全性和可靠性為首要設(shè)計特性的準(zhǔn)則。綜合考慮燃燒，傳熱，煙氣和空氣以及工質(zhì)的動力特性以及磨損和腐蝕。在鍋爐設(shè)計的過程中，主要考慮的因素是保證爐內(nèi)著火，爐膛內(nèi)有足夠的輻射熱量，煤的燃盡程度以及合理的煙氣速度和排煙溫度。同時，還要確保有一定的氣密性以保證爐膛內(nèi)進行負(fù)壓燃燒。
在整個設(shè)計過程中作為技術(shù)支持進行了熱力計算、強度計算和煙風(fēng)阻力計算。其中熱力計算包括爐膛、燃盡室、鍋爐管束、省煤氣，空氣預(yù)熱器。為了使小型鍋爐的結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，大部分受熱面都布置在爐膛內(nèi)。根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)，鍋爐出口布置燃盡室達到飛灰和降塵作用；由于工作壓力低，容易產(chǎn)生煙氣側(cè)的酸腐蝕和鍋內(nèi)的氧腐蝕，所以采用鑄鐵省煤器，來達到降低排煙溫度的要求。
利用CAD,完成了鍋爐總圖、 爐墻圖、上鍋筒展開圖、本體圖。

關(guān)鍵詞　熱力計算；強度計算；煙風(fēng)阻力計算

Design of SHL7-1.0/95/70-P boiler
Abstract
Boilers as an energy conversion equipment, in industrial production has been widely used. It does this by coal, oil or natural gas combustion release of chemical energy, and heat the heat transfer through the water, the water heating (or into steam), hot water direct supply to the industrial production and civil life, heating, so the main boiler mandate: to fuel the chemical energy into heat energy the most effective.
The graduation project topic is shl7.0-1.0/95/70-aⅡ, belonging to the natural circulation water tube boiler. Boiler design in line with the safety and reliability of the primary design features of the guidelines. Considering combustion, heat transfer, gas and air as well as dynamic properties of working fluids and wear and corrosion. In the boiler design process, the main consideration is to ensure that the furnace fire, furnace heat radiation sufficient coal burnout degree and a reasonable speed and exhaust gas temperature. At the same time, make sure there is a certain degree of air tightness to ensure negative pressure within the combustion chamber.
Throughout the design process as a technical support for the thermodynamic calculation, calculation of strength and wind resistance calculation smoke. Thermal calculation which includes the furnace,  burn room,  boiler tubes, the provincial gas. For small boilers, compact structure,  most of the heating surface are arranged in the furnace. According to the structure, boilers burn room layout export to the role of fly ash and dust; Due to the low pressure,  prone to corrosion and acid gas side of the pot of oxygen erosion, so cast iron economizer,  reducing the exhaust gas temperature requirements.
Use of CAD, to complete the total Figure boiler, furnace wall chart, the drum expansion plan, body plan.
Keywords thermodynamic calculation; strength calculation; smoke wind resistance calculation
目  錄

摘要 Ⅰ
Abstract Ⅱ

第1章 緒論 1
第2章 鍋爐方案設(shè)計及結(jié)構(gòu)簡介 2
2.1 方案論證 2
2.2 設(shè)計鍋爐結(jié)構(gòu)及特性： 4
2.2.1 鍋爐各部分結(jié)構(gòu)特點如下： 5
2.2.2 鍋爐特性: 7
第3章 熱力計算 8
3.1 鍋爐規(guī)范、輔助計算及熱平衡計算 8
3.1.1 設(shè)計參數(shù) 8
3.1.2 燃料特性 8
3.1.3 輔助計算 8
3.2 各部分熱力計算 13
3.2.1爐膛計算 13
3.2.2燃盡室計算 17
3.2.3鍋爐管束 20
3.2.4省煤器計算 22
3.2.5空氣預(yù)熱器計算 24
3.3 熱力計算的誤差校核 26
3.4 熱力計算結(jié)果匯總表 26
3.5 本章小結(jié) 27
第4章 強度計算 28
4.1 上鍋筒強度計算 28
4.1.1 筒節(jié)壁厚計算 28
4.1.2 上鍋筒有孔封頭的強度設(shè)計 30
4.2 下鍋筒強度計算 31
4.2.1 下筒節(jié)壁厚計算 31
4.2.2 下鍋筒有孔封頭的強度設(shè)計 32
4.3 前后集箱開孔計算 33
4.4 集箱無孔端蓋計算 34
4.5 安全閥排放能力計算 35
4.6 本章小結(jié) 35
第5章 鍋爐煙風(fēng)阻力計算 36
結(jié)論 44
致謝 45
參考文獻 46
附錄A 47
附錄B 53