摘 要

    隨著電子技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，基于單片機(jī)的控制系統(tǒng)已廣泛應(yīng)用于工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)、電力、電子、智能樓宇等行業(yè)，微型計(jì)算機(jī)作為嵌入式控制系統(tǒng)的主體與核心，代替了傳統(tǒng)的控制系統(tǒng)的常規(guī)電子線路。同時(shí)樓宇智能化的發(fā)展與成熟，也為基于單片機(jī)的照明控制系統(tǒng)的普及與應(yīng)用奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。
    本文闡述了照明的有線、無(wú)線控制方式設(shè)計(jì)原理與實(shí)現(xiàn)方法。以設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程為主線，分別從硬件和軟件兩個(gè)方面描述設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程，即從硬件電路的設(shè)計(jì)方法到實(shí)現(xiàn)所要求功能的軟件技術(shù)。該照明控制系統(tǒng)的主控制器、分控制器分別是以AT89C51與AT89C2051單片機(jī)為基礎(chǔ)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了有線通信、無(wú)線數(shù)傳、控制與顯示等功能。文中詳細(xì)地描述了控制電路的設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程，包括：鍵盤與LED顯示電路、RS485通信電路、無(wú)線數(shù)傳電路、照明燈控制電路以及看門狗電路等。對(duì)于軟件設(shè)計(jì)主要有主控制器、分控制器的有線通信程序設(shè)計(jì)與無(wú)線數(shù)字傳輸程序設(shè)計(jì)以及燈光控制、定時(shí)控制、鍵盤掃描與LED顯示等程序設(shè)計(jì)。有線通信程序的功能是：通過(guò)RS485主從通信方式，由主控制器發(fā)出命令對(duì)全部或單個(gè)分控制器所控制的照明燈實(shí)現(xiàn)開(kāi)啟、關(guān)閉、燈光亮度調(diào)節(jié)、定時(shí)控制等功能。無(wú)線數(shù)傳程序設(shè)計(jì)的功能是：通過(guò)無(wú)線數(shù)傳模塊實(shí)現(xiàn)照明燈的無(wú)線遙控，同樣實(shí)現(xiàn)有線方式控制的功能。

關(guān)鍵詞：主控制器，分控制器，單片機(jī)，有線通信，無(wú)線數(shù)傳，燈光亮度控制，定時(shí)控制

The Control System for Lighting Based on
Single–chip Microcomputer

Abstract

           With the rapid development of electronic technology, the system of control based on Single-chip Microcomputer is widely applied in industry, agriculture, electric power, electron, intelligent building and so on. Microcomputer, as the subject and core of the embedded system of control, replaces the traditional system—electronic circuit. At the same time, the development and maturation of the intelligent building have established the substantial foundation for the popularization and application of the control system for lighting based on single-chip microcomputer.
             The paper expatiates on the designing theories and implementation method of the control system for lighting by wired or wireless communications. Taking the designing process as mainline, it describes the process of designing from two respects—hardware and software.  In another word, the paper describes the process from the method of circuit designing to the software technology of realizing the demanded functions. The host controller of the control system for lighting is based on AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer, and the auxiliary ones are based on AT89C2051. The system can do many jobs, such as wired communication, wireless data transmitting, controlling and display. The paper describes the designing process of the circuit at length, including: keyboard and LED display circuit, RS485 communication circuit, wireless transmitting circuit, control circuit of lighting, watchdog circuit, etc. The designing of software mainly includes the several programming, such as wired communication, wireless data transmitting, lamplight controlling, timed controlling, keyboard scanning and LED displaying. The wired communication programming function is that through Master-slave communication method based on RS485 the host controller sends orders to the all auxiliary controllers or each one, including: turning on lighting, turning off lighting, regulating brightness of lighting, controlling timed lighting, etc. The wireless data transmitting programming function is that by wireless transmitter it realizes wireless controlling of the lighting, and achieves the functions identical to wired communication.
       
        Key Words: Host controller, Auxiliary controller, Single-chip microcomputer, Wired communication, Wireless data transmitting, controlling brightness of lighting, Timed controlling

目 錄

摘要·····················································1
Abstract··················································2
序言·······················································6
　　1.1  單片機(jī)應(yīng)用技術(shù)···················································6
　1.2  有線通信技術(shù)···················································7
　1.3  無(wú)線數(shù)傳技術(shù)···················································7
　1.4  本章小結(jié)···················································8
基于單片機(jī)的照明控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)框架和性能························9
   2.1  系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)要點(diǎn)···················································9
　　2.2  系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)···················································9
　　2.3  系統(tǒng)性能指標(biāo)與技術(shù)要求···········································11
　　2.4  本章小結(jié)···················································12
基于單片機(jī)的照明控制系統(tǒng)的硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)·······················13
　　3.1  主控制器的電路設(shè)計(jì)············································13
　　　3.1.1  鍵盤的接口設(shè)計(jì)···················································14
　　　3.1.2  LED數(shù)碼顯示的接口設(shè)計(jì)···········································14
　　　3.1.3  看門狗監(jiān)控電路的設(shè)計(jì)··················································14
　　3.2  分控制器的電路設(shè)計(jì)·················································15
　　　3.2.1  時(shí)鐘芯片的接口設(shè)計(jì)··············································16
　　　3.2.2  零點(diǎn)檢測(cè)與可控硅控制電路的設(shè)計(jì)·····························16
　　3.3  RS485通信電路的設(shè)計(jì)···········································17
　　3.4  無(wú)線數(shù)傳電路的設(shè)計(jì)···············································20
　　　3.4.1  無(wú)線數(shù)傳電路的連接···········································20
　　　3.4.2  SRWF-1模塊的特性·······································20
   3.5  本章小結(jié)···················································21
第四章  基于單片機(jī)的照明控制系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì)······························22
4.1  人機(jī)交互程序設(shè)計(jì)··········································22
　　　4.1.1  鍵盤掃描程序設(shè)計(jì)········································23
4.1.2  LED數(shù)碼顯示程序設(shè)計(jì)·············································25
　　4.2  照明啟停控制程序設(shè)計(jì)·············································26
　　　4.2.1  全部啟?？刂瞥绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)············································26
　　　4.2.2  單獨(dú)啟?？刂瞥绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)···············································28
   4.3  照明亮度控制程序設(shè)計(jì)···············································30
     4.3.1  全部亮度控制程序設(shè)計(jì)···············································30
     4.3.2  單獨(dú)亮度控制程序設(shè)計(jì)···············································32
   4.4  照明定時(shí)控制程序設(shè)計(jì)···················································33
     4.4.1  全部定時(shí)控制程序設(shè)計(jì)···················································33
     4.4.2  單獨(dú)定時(shí)控制程序設(shè)計(jì)···················································34
   4.5  RS485通信程序設(shè)計(jì)···················································35
     4.5.1  主機(jī)部分通信程序設(shè)計(jì)···················································37
     4.5.2  從機(jī)部分通信程序設(shè)計(jì)···················································37
   4.6  無(wú)線數(shù)傳通信程序設(shè)計(jì)···················································39
   4.7  本章小結(jié)···················································39
第五章  實(shí)驗(yàn)及總結(jié)···················································40
致謝···························································41
參考文獻(xiàn)···························································42
附錄···························································43