單片機的供暖鍋爐系統(tǒng)設(shè)計


摘要

本系統(tǒng)是基于單片機的水暖鍋爐控制，在設(shè)計中主要有水位檢測、溫度檢測、壓力檢測、按鍵控制、水溫控制、水位控制、循環(huán)控制、壓力控制、顯示部分、故障報警等幾部分組成來實現(xiàn)供暖控制。主要用水位傳感器檢測水位，用數(shù)字溫度傳感器DS18B20來檢測水溫，用五個控制按鍵來實現(xiàn)按健控制，用三位LED顯示器來完成顯示部分，用變頻器來控制循環(huán)泵的轉(zhuǎn)速，用壓力傳感器檢測鍋爐內(nèi)部壓力。并且通過模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換把這些信號送入單片機中。把這些信號與單片機中內(nèi)部設(shè)定的值相比，以判斷單片機是否需要進行相應(yīng)的操作，即是否需要打開鼓風(fēng)機，是否需要開啟補水泵，是否需要加快循環(huán)泵的轉(zhuǎn)速等操作，從而實現(xiàn)單片機自動控制的目的。本設(shè)計用單片機控制易于實現(xiàn)鍋爐供暖、而且有造價低、程序易于調(diào)試、一部分出現(xiàn)故障不會影響其他部分的工作、維修方便、等優(yōu)點。

 關(guān)鍵詞： 單片機（AT89C51），傳感器，水位,溫度，循環(huán),自動控制 
Based SCM design of heating boiler controlled syetem
Abstract:The systemic design bases controller of CMS water heating of a boiler , it mostly makes up of measuring water level ,measuring a water temperature ,controlling a keys-press ,controlling a water temperature ,controlling water level ,controlling circulate ,controlling pressure ,showing a part ,giving an alarm order to realize heating controller ,the design adopts Single-Chip Microcomputer to control boiler heating .It mostly uses a temperature sensor DS18B20 to measure water temperature ,uses water level sensor to measure water level , uses a transducer to control cycle pump’s rotate speed ,uses five keys-press to control key-press ,uses three light-emitting diodes display to finish a display parts ,uses a transducer to control rotate speed of cycle pump ,uses a press transducer to measure press in the boiler .It sends those signals to SCM through modulus ,and hold those signals to compare with enactment in the SCM to judge whether SCM need to carry through relevant operation namely ,whether it needs to open a fan ,whether it needs to turn on a water pump ,whether it needs to quicken rotate speed of a cycle pump and so on .Consequently ,it finishes an aim of SCM auto-controller .The design makes use of the SCM to control boiler which is easy to realize boiler heating ,it is cheap to manufacture ,it is easy to debug its procedure .When a part is in trouble ,it does not infect others and it is convenience to mend ,it is widely to use many of areas.

Keywords: Single-Chip Microcomputer, transducer ,water level ,water temperature , Auto-control
目錄

1、 緒論 5
2、系統(tǒng)總體方案 5
2.1、系統(tǒng)框圖 5
2.2、系統(tǒng)具體實現(xiàn)方案 5
3、系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計 6
3.1、單片機的配置 6
3.2、溫度傳感器 6
3.3、顯示部分 8
3.4、變頻器 8
3.5、水位傳感器 8
3.6、A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器 9
4、系統(tǒng)的具體設(shè)計與實現(xiàn) 9
4.1、系統(tǒng)的總體原理圖 9
4.2、單片機控制系統(tǒng)的流程圖 9
4.3、電源電路 10
4.4、溫度控制系統(tǒng) 11
4.5、循環(huán)泵控制部分 12
4.6、水位控制系統(tǒng) 12
4.7、壓力控制系統(tǒng) 13
4.8、鍵盤部分 13
4.9、驅(qū)動部分電路 13
4.10、顯示部分電路 14
4.11、自動報警電路 14
4.12、單片機標(biāo)志及按鍵功能 15
5、 結(jié)束語 15
參考文獻 15
附頁 16