電氣工程及其自動(dòng)化畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文--110KV變電站一次部分初步設(shè)計(jì)

中 文 摘  要
　　　變電站作為電力系統(tǒng)中的重要組成部分，直接影響整個(gè)電力系統(tǒng)的安全與經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行。本論文設(shè)計(jì)的郊區(qū)中間變電站，將郊區(qū)水電廠的電量配送給周圍負(fù)荷用戶，剩余部分輸送到附近電力系統(tǒng)。該變電站的建成，不僅增強(qiáng)了當(dāng)?shù)仉娋W(wǎng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)，而且為當(dāng)?shù)氐墓まr(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)提供了足夠的電能，從而達(dá)到使本地區(qū)電網(wǎng)安全、可靠、經(jīng)濟(jì)地運(yùn)行的目的。
　　　本論文《揭西縣110KV城北變電站一次部分初步設(shè)計(jì)》，首先通過對(duì)原始資料的分析及根據(jù)變電站的總負(fù)荷選擇主變壓器，同時(shí)根據(jù)主接線的經(jīng)濟(jì)可靠、運(yùn)行靈活的要求，選擇了兩種待選主接線方案進(jìn)行了技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)比較，淘汰較差的方案，確定了變電站電氣主接線方案。
　　　其次進(jìn)行短路電流計(jì)算，從三相短路計(jì)算中得到當(dāng)短路發(fā)生在各電壓等級(jí)的母線時(shí)，其短路穩(wěn)態(tài)電流和沖擊電流的值。再根據(jù)計(jì)算結(jié)果及各電壓等級(jí)的額定電壓和最大持續(xù)工作電流進(jìn)行主要電氣設(shè)備選擇及校驗(yàn)（包括斷路器、隔離開關(guān)、電流互感器、電壓互感器等）。
　　　最后，并繪制了電氣主接線圖、電氣總平面布置圖、防雷保護(hù)配置圖等相關(guān)設(shè)計(jì)圖紙。
關(guān)鍵詞：電氣主接線設(shè)計(jì)；短路電流計(jì)算；電氣設(shè)備選擇；設(shè)計(jì)圖紙

Abstract  Power system substation as an important part of the entire power system directly affects the safety and economic operation. In this thesis, the outskirts of the middle of substation, the electricity distribution to rural hydropower plants around the load to the user, the remainder transported to the nearby power system. The completion of the substation will not only strengthen the local power grid network structure, but also for the local industrial and agricultural production provides enough power, so that the regional power grid so as to achieve safe, reliable and economic operation purposes.
　　The paper "JieXi 110KV substation north of the city a part of the preliminary design", first through the analysis of raw data and selected based on total load of the substation main transformer, the main wiring under both economical and reliable, flexible operation requirements, two to be selected Main Connection program was selected technical and economic comparison, out of poor program to determine the main electrical substation connection program.
　　Second, the short-circuit current calculation, obtained from the three-phase short circuit calculation occurs when short-circuit the voltage level of the bus, its steady-state current and the impact of short-circuit current value. According to the results and the voltage level of voltage and maximum continuous operating current of the main electrical equipment selection and validation (including circuit breaker, disconnecting switch, current transformer, voltage transformer, etc.).
Finally, the main draw of the electrical wiring diagram, electrical general layout map, lightning protection and other related design layout plan drawings.
Key words：Electrical main wiring design; short-circuit current calculation; electrical equipment selection; design drawings
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　目  錄
中 文 摘 要 ………………………………………………………………………………………1
Abstract ……………………………………………………………………………………1
1緒論 ………………………………………………………………………3
　　1.1電網(wǎng)電壓及電網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)………………………………………………………3
　　1.2變電站現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展……………………………………………………………3
　　1.3  變電站所址選擇原則………………………………………………………4
　　1.4變電站的設(shè)計(jì)原則與規(guī)范………………………………………5
　　1.5配電電源……………………………………………………………5
2變電站主變壓器的選擇及主接線的設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………6
   2.1變電站主變壓器臺(tái)數(shù)、容量及型式的選擇………………………………6
　　2.2變電站主接線的設(shè)計(jì)原則……………………………………………………7
　　2.3  變電站主接線初步方案…………………………………………………………………7
3變電站自用電接線設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………12
　　3.1站用變壓器的選擇………………………………………………………………12
　　3.2站用電的接線形式……………………………………………………………………12
　　3.3負(fù)荷供電回路………………………………………………………………………12
4短路電流計(jì)算及主要設(shè)備的選擇…………………………………………………14
　　4.1短路電流計(jì)算…………………………………………………………………………14
　　4.2主要電氣設(shè)備的選擇…………………………………………………………………18
5無功功率補(bǔ)償………………………………………………………30
　　5.1補(bǔ)償無功功率的必要性………………………………………………………………30
　　5.2提高功率因數(shù)的補(bǔ)償方法……………………………………………………………30
　　5.3電容器的補(bǔ)償方式…………………………………………………………………30
6變電站的防雷保護(hù)及接地網(wǎng)設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………32
　　6.1 避雷針的布置和保護(hù)范圍……………………………………………………………32
　　6.2避雷器的選擇和校驗(yàn)…………………………………………………………………33
　　6.3接地裝置…………………………………………………………………36
7 變電站電氣總平面布置………………………………………………………38
結(jié)  論…………………………………………………………………………………………39
參考文獻(xiàn)………………………………………………………………………………………40
致謝………………………………………………………………………………………41