遠(yuǎn)洋航線設(shè)計探討
[摘要] 航線的選擇和設(shè)計是航次計劃有效實施的基礎(chǔ)和保證，航線設(shè)計的好壞與船舶的航行安全休戚相關(guān)，航線設(shè)計不好可能會造成碰撞、觸礁或者擱淺等嚴(yán)重事故，導(dǎo)致財產(chǎn)損失、人員傷亡、環(huán)境污染等后果，所以說航線設(shè)計十分重要。由于遠(yuǎn)洋航線所經(jīng)海區(qū)廣闊、活動余地大、氣象條件復(fù)雜、多變,各種船舶情況差異不同,在航線選擇上存在著多樣性，因此,航線的選擇與設(shè)計并不是一成不變的，同一條航線在不同的時間里環(huán)境影響因素也是變化的。航線設(shè)計的基本原則是安全、經(jīng)濟(jì)。所以在進(jìn)行航線設(shè)計時,要充分考慮各個方面的因素做出既安全又經(jīng)濟(jì)的航線。航線設(shè)計的好壞表現(xiàn)在其適合性，設(shè)計一條好的航線對海上人命安全、航行的安全性和實用性以及海上環(huán)境的保護(hù)都十分重要。本文將根據(jù)仁川（Inchon）到溫哥華（Vancouver）遠(yuǎn)洋航線為例，著重探討一下航線設(shè)計的方法，以及在航線設(shè)計過程中的操作步驟、影響因素、注意事項等。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 航線設(shè)計  仁川  溫哥華  影響因素  注意事項
 
The Discussion of Ocean Route

[Abstract]  Route selection and design of the voyage is the basis for the effective implementation of plans and guarantee the quality of design and route the ship's navigation safety in solidarity, the route may be caused by poor design of the collision, wrecked or stranded, and other serious accidents, resulting in loss of property, Casualties, environmental pollution and other consequences, so that the Route design is very important. As ocean routes by the vast sea area, activity room for large, complex weather conditions, volatile, all kinds of different situations and different ships, the choice of routes is a diversity, therefore, the choice of route and design is not static, with one route At different times, environmental factors are also changing. Design services are the basic principles of security, economic. So in the design of routes, should give full consideration to all aspects of the factors to be sure that the route is safe and economical. The quality of design services in the performance of their suitability, design a good route to the Safety of Life at Sea, navigational safety and practicality as well as the protection of the marine environment is very important. This paper will take Inchon to Vancouver offshore route for example, focused on the design of the route, as well as routes in the design of the steps in the process, influencing factors, such as note.

[Key words]  Route design  Vancouver  Inchon  Influencing  factors  Attention
 
目錄

引言 1
第1章 遠(yuǎn)洋航線設(shè)計的概述 2
1.1航線的擬定 2
1.1.1明確航次任務(wù) 2
1.1.2搜集并研究必要的航海圖書資料 2
1.1.3擬定航線和制定航行計劃 3
1.2仁川和溫哥華港口概況 4
1.2.1仁川港資料（37°28′N 126°37′E） 4
1.2.2 溫哥華港資料（49°17′N123°07′W） 5
第2章 海圖的可信賴程度 6
2.1 海圖的改正及注意事項 6
2.1.1海圖的改正 6
2.1.2海圖改正注意事項 7
2.2 海圖的可信賴程度判斷 8
第3章 航線的選擇和設(shè)計 9
3.1 大洋航線的選擇和設(shè)計 9
3.2 沿岸航線的選擇和設(shè)計 12
3.3受限水域航線的選擇和設(shè)計 13
3.3.1狹水道航線的設(shè)計與選擇 13
3.3.2船舶定線制水域的航線設(shè)計與選擇 13
3.3.3其它應(yīng)考慮的受限水域有： 14
第4章 航線設(shè)計的實例 14
4.1 仁川到溫哥華航線的介紹 14
4.1.1航線氣候 14
4.1.2航線所經(jīng)海區(qū)的氣象與海況 15
4.2 仁川到溫哥華航線的設(shè)計 16
4.2.1抽取相應(yīng)航用海圖和圖書資料 16
4.2.2畫出航線 18
第5章 特殊航段分析 19
5.1航線說明以及注意事項 19
5.1.1航線說明 19
5.1.2注意事項 20
5.2 特殊航段說明 20
5.2.1佐多岬至弗拉特里角航線說明如下: 20
5.2.2弗拉特里角至溫哥華航線說明如下: 21
結(jié)論 23
致謝語 24
參考文獻(xiàn) 25