CDMA通信系統(tǒng)中的接入信道部分進(jìn)行仿真與分析

摘  要

CDMA技術(shù)是當(dāng)前無(wú)線電通信，尤其是移動(dòng)通信的主要技術(shù)，不論是在中國(guó)已經(jīng)建立的IS-95規(guī)范的中國(guó)聯(lián)通CDMA網(wǎng)、各大移動(dòng)通信運(yùn)營(yíng)商正準(zhǔn)備實(shí)驗(yàn)及建立第三代（3G）系統(tǒng)還是大設(shè)備研發(fā)商已經(jīng)在開(kāi)發(fā)的三代以后（也稱為4G）更寬帶寬的移動(dòng)通信系統(tǒng)，CDMA都是主要的選擇。CDMA概念可以簡(jiǎn)單地解釋為基于擴(kuò)頻通信的調(diào)制和多址接入方案。其反向鏈路有接入信道和反向業(yè)務(wù)信道組成。接入信道用于短信令消息交換、能提供呼叫來(lái)源、尋呼響應(yīng)、指令和注冊(cè)。
本設(shè)計(jì)選取CDMA通信系統(tǒng)中的接入信道部分進(jìn)行仿真與分析。首先，通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)相應(yīng)的理論知識(shí)，熟悉接入信道實(shí)現(xiàn)的過(guò)程，對(duì)每一步的原理有了較深的理解，同時(shí)，也對(duì)MATALB軟件進(jìn)行熟悉和了解，對(duì)MATLAB軟件中的SIMULINK部分及其內(nèi)部的CDMA模塊用法和參數(shù)設(shè)置進(jìn)行熟悉，然后運(yùn)用MATLAB軟件對(duì)接入信道部分進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)，并逐步地對(duì)各個(gè)模塊進(jìn)行分析、仿真與驗(yàn)證。目的是通過(guò)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)工作熟悉現(xiàn)代無(wú)線通信系統(tǒng)的基本構(gòu)成與基本工作原理，重點(diǎn)掌握卷積編碼、塊交織和碼擴(kuò)展等相關(guān)編碼技術(shù)，并能將這些技術(shù)應(yīng)用實(shí)際系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)，提高自己對(duì)CDMA通信系統(tǒng)知識(shí)的認(rèn)識(shí)。

關(guān)鍵字：CRC;卷積編碼;塊重復(fù);交織;長(zhǎng)碼;沃爾什;PN序列

Abstract

CDMA is the major technology used in the wireless communication , especially in the mobile communication. Following the IS-95 standard set up in China ,CDMA is the mostly choice whether in China Uninet net ,in the third system (3G) that all kinds of mobile businessmen are to build or in the wider system than the third one(named 4G)that the large equipments researching businessmen have been researching.The concept of CDMA may be interpreted as the simulation that base on frequency spreading and the multiply address access project.Its reverse channel is composed of access channel and traffic channel.The access channel is used for brief information exchanging 、providing the source about the calling、the call responding 、the instruction and the enrollment.
This design choose the part of connect channel to simulate and analyse. First,we can familiar with the process of connect channel ,understand the principleof every step of the procedure about thre channel,after studying the relating knowledge .At the same time ,we an also have some acquaintance with the software about MATLAB and the part of SIMULINK and how to set the parameter of every klock in the soft.Then we can use the MATLAB software to design the part of the connect channel, to analyse , to simulate and to validate the design of every block gradually. This purpose is to be familiar with the basic structure and basic principle of the morden wireless communication system, to mastery the technology about the Convolutional Encoder,Interleaver ,Coder spread and so forth, then use those technology to design system in practice,so that to improve our knowledge about the CDMA communication system.

Key words:CRC;Convolutional Enconder;Block Repeat;Interleaver;Long code;Walsh;
PN sequence

目   錄

中文摘要 關(guān)鍵字 …………………………………………………….……1
英文摘要 關(guān)鍵字 ………………………………………………….………2
目 錄  ……………………………………………………………….……...3
前 言  ………………………………………………………………..……..4
1  設(shè)計(jì)總體框架 ……………………………………………………..……5
2  設(shè)計(jì)各個(gè)部分原理知識(shí)介紹 ………………………………………..…6
2.1 卷積編碼……………………..………………………………………..…..7
2.2 交織技術(shù)介紹………………………..………….…………………………9
2.3 沃爾什函數(shù)說(shuō)明………………………………..….………………………11
2.3.1 沃爾什函數(shù)特性說(shuō)明………………………….…………………...……11
2.3.2 沃爾什函數(shù)的產(chǎn)生方法介紹……………………………………………..13
2.4 長(zhǎng)碼的實(shí)現(xiàn)……………………………………………………………….15
2.6 PSK和OQPSK調(diào)制…………………………………………………………18
2.7 短碼的實(shí)現(xiàn)……………………………………………………….……….20
3  MTALAB軟件中的SIMULINK的簡(jiǎn)介…………………………….………20
4  設(shè)計(jì)仿真、分析與驗(yàn)證……………..………………………….……….22
4.1 設(shè)計(jì)總體模塊構(gòu)造…………………………..…………………….……….22
4.2 對(duì)各個(gè)模塊進(jìn)行分析與驗(yàn)證 ………………………………….……………23
4.2.1 源中部分（subsystem1）設(shè)置、說(shuō)明與分析……………………………...24
4.2.2 對(duì)卷積編碼器和重復(fù)模塊的設(shè)置、說(shuō)明與分析  …………………………27
4.2.3 對(duì)子系統(tǒng)Subsystem2（塊交織器）模塊的設(shè)置、說(shuō)明與分析 ……………30
4.2.4 沃爾什調(diào)制器輸出與長(zhǎng)碼輸出及其異或驗(yàn)證…..………………….………40
4.2.5 I路和Q路的輸出驗(yàn)證與分析……………………………………………46
5.經(jīng)驗(yàn)總結(jié)…………………………………………………………………..49
謝  辭………………………………………………………………………..50
參考文獻(xiàn)……………………………………………………………………..51