小型發(fā)電廠發(fā)電機(jī)變壓器組電氣部分的設(shè)計(jì)

摘 要
在現(xiàn)代化工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)和國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的各個部門中，電能已成為不可缺少的能源。隨著現(xiàn)代工業(yè)的發(fā)展，各個行業(yè)對自動化水平提出更高要求。目前,我國除大規(guī)模電廠外中小型電廠比較多，主要擔(dān)負(fù)著電廠大部分的工業(yè)供熱和民用供熱。
本設(shè)計(jì)考慮到系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的可靠性和保證供電的安全性、經(jīng)濟(jì)性等因素，對主變壓器，電氣主接線形式進(jìn)行了選擇與設(shè)計(jì)。在電力系統(tǒng)中，最常見和最危險的故障是各種形式的短路，為了防止短路所造成的危害，以及限制故障范圍的擴(kuò)大，而進(jìn)行一系列短路電流計(jì)算及相應(yīng)的措施，以保證系統(tǒng)在故障情況下做到安全可靠而有經(jīng)濟(jì)。本設(shè)計(jì)中分析了發(fā)電機(jī)的故障及保護(hù)方式，完成了發(fā)電機(jī)的繼電保護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)，從而保證了發(fā)電機(jī)能根據(jù)故障情況有選擇的，迅速的發(fā)出信號，或?qū)l(fā)電機(jī)從系統(tǒng)中切除，使系統(tǒng)其余部分繼續(xù)正常運(yùn)行。在本設(shè)計(jì)中也進(jìn)行了對變壓器的繼電保護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)。根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)中進(jìn)行短路電流計(jì)算的結(jié)果，結(jié)合電氣設(shè)備選擇條件，從而進(jìn)行了高壓電氣設(shè)備的選擇。
本設(shè)計(jì)通過對發(fā)電廠發(fā)電機(jī)—變壓器組電氣部分的設(shè)計(jì)可使電廠能夠系統(tǒng)可靠的保證供電的可靠性與安全性。

關(guān)鍵詞：發(fā)電機(jī)；變壓器；繼電保護(hù)
 
Abstract
In modern industry, agriculture and the economic departments of electrical energy has become indispensable energy. With modern industry, the industry to automation set higher demands. At present, except in large power plant, and more, the most of the industry with power and even heating.
Designed to consider the operating system and ensure supply of security, economy, and so on the main transformer, electrical wiring in the form and design. In the electricity system, the most common and failure is the most dangerous forms of a short circuit breaker, in order to prevent causing damage, failure to expand the scope and limits of, and a short-circuit current computing and appropriate measures to ensure that the system in order to achieve security and economic. This design analyses the dynamo action, and protection, completed the design of protection of the relay to ensure that the generator based on fault conditions can have a choice, signals or electric generator system and removal from the rest of the system to continue the normal operation. In this design were also carried out in a relay to the protection of the design. according to the design of the result of lower short-circuit currents, the electrical equipment chosen and had a high voltage electrical equipment chosen.
The design of power plants — a combination of electric generator can be part of the power to ensure reliable power supply system of reliability and security.

Key words: generator; transformer; relay protection

 
目 錄
 
0 前言 1
1 原始資料分析 2
1.1 本電廠在本地區(qū)的重要位置 2
1.2 地理自然條件分析 2
2 主變壓器和電氣主接線 3
2.1 主變壓器的選擇 3
2.1.1 主變壓器容量選擇 3
2.1.2 變壓器形式的選擇 3
2.2 電氣主接線的選擇 4
2.2.1 主接線設(shè)計(jì)的重要性 4
2.2.2 電氣主接線的幾個基本要求 4
2.2.3 注意事項(xiàng) 4
2.2.4 單母線分段接線 5
3 短路電流計(jì)算 9
3.1 概述 9
3.2 短路電流的計(jì)算 9
4 發(fā)電機(jī)繼電保護(hù)設(shè)計(jì) 14
4.1 發(fā)電機(jī)故障、不正常工作狀態(tài)及保護(hù)方式 14
4.2 發(fā)電機(jī)的縱差動保護(hù)設(shè)計(jì) 16
4.2.1 縱差動保護(hù)構(gòu)成原理 16
4.3 復(fù)合電壓閉鎖啟動的過電流保護(hù)設(shè)計(jì) 20
4.4 絕緣裝置 26
5 變壓器繼電保護(hù)設(shè)計(jì) 27
5.1 電力變壓器的故障及其保護(hù)方式 27
5.2 變壓器的瓦斯保護(hù)設(shè)計(jì) 27
5.3 變壓器的縱差動保護(hù)設(shè)計(jì) 28
6 技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)分析 36
7 結(jié)論 37
致謝 38
參考文獻(xiàn) 39