合格作品 字?jǐn)?shù)26438

摘 要
本設(shè)計(jì)主要介紹了合成氨工藝的國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，從中選擇了中壓法合成氨。并進(jìn)行了合成氨車間的物料衡算、熱量衡算、主要設(shè)備（合成塔）的選型計(jì)算及主要輔助設(shè)備的選型計(jì)算、以及非工藝部分工程概算、技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)分析。根據(jù)中壓法合成氨繪制了合成車間帶控制點(diǎn)的工藝流程圖，合成塔設(shè)備圖，并根據(jù)哈爾濱的地理環(huán)境設(shè)計(jì)了合成氨車間布置圖。
關(guān)鍵詞 工程概算 中壓法 合成氨
Abstract
The design focuses on the development of synthetic ammonia process status at home and abroad, selected from ammonia in the pressure method. And had ammonia plant material balance, heat balance, major equipment (reactor) is the major auxiliary equipment sizing and selection of calculation, and non-technology part of the project budget, technical and economic analysis. Ammonia under pressure method in the synthesis of the workshop are drawn flow chart with control points, according to the geographical environment in Harbin ammonia plant layout design.
Key words Engineering budget The pressure method Ammonia
目 錄
摘要 I
Abstract II
第一章 緒論 1
1.1應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域 1
1.2設(shè)計(jì)目的及意義 1
1.3產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量指標(biāo) 2
第二章 工藝簡(jiǎn)介及氨合成反應(yīng)特點(diǎn) 5
2.1工藝發(fā)展 5
2.2氨合成反應(yīng)特點(diǎn) 8
2.3氨合成方法 9
第三章 工藝詳述 11
3.1催化劑的選擇 11
3.2壓力及溫度的選擇 11
3.3合成塔進(jìn)塔氣體組成 13
3.4氨合成過程的基本工藝 13
3.5氨合成工藝的選擇 15
第四章 工藝計(jì)算 17
4.1 設(shè)計(jì)要求 17
4.2 物料衡算 18
4.2.1 合成塔物料衡算 18
4.2.2氨分離器氣液平衡計(jì)算 20
4.2.3冷交換器氣液平衡計(jì)算 21
4.2.4液氨貯槽氣液平衡計(jì)算 22
4.2.5液氨貯槽物料衡算 24
4.2.6合成系統(tǒng)物料計(jì)算 25
4.2.7合成塔物料計(jì)算 26
4.2.8水冷器物料計(jì)算 27
4.2.9氨分離器物料計(jì)算 27
4.2.10循環(huán)機(jī)前后物料計(jì)算 28
4.2.11冷交換器物料計(jì)算 28
4.2.12液氨儲(chǔ)槽物料計(jì)算 30
4.2.13物料衡算結(jié)果匯總 30
4.3 熱量衡算 35
4.3.1合成塔熱量衡算 35
4.3.2廢熱鍋爐能量衡算 38
4.3.3熱交換器能量衡算 39
4.3.4軟水預(yù)熱器能量衡算 40
4.3.5水冷卻器和氨分離器能量衡算 41
4.3.6循環(huán)壓縮機(jī)能量衡算 42
4.3.7冷交換器與氨冷器能量衡算 44
第五章 主要設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)及選型校核 46
5.1.1氨合成塔設(shè)備計(jì)算 46
5.1.2廢熱鍋爐設(shè)備計(jì)算 47
5.1.3主要設(shè)備選型匯總表 52
第六章 車間布置 53
第七章 非工藝專業(yè)要求 54
7.1公用工程 54
7.1.1電氣照明 54
7.1.2給排水 54
7.1.3通風(fēng)除塵 55
7.1.4土建 55
7.1.5機(jī)修 55
7.1.6崗位定員 55
7.2環(huán)境保護(hù)及安全衛(wèi)生 56
7.2.1化學(xué)沉淀-A/O工藝處理合成氨廢水 56
7.2.2安全措施 56
7.2.3防毒 57
7.2.4防火 57
7.2.5防爆 58
7.2.6防燒傷 58
7.2.7防觸電 58
7.2.8防機(jī)械傷害 59
7.3節(jié)能 59
第八章 技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì) 61
8.1投入資金 61
8.2經(jīng)濟(jì)效益評(píng)估 62
結(jié)束語(yǔ) 64
致謝 65
參考文獻(xiàn) 66
Contents
Abstract I
Abstract II
Chapter I. Introduction 1
1.1 Applications 1
1.2 The purpose and significance of the design 1
1.3 The quality of products、target 2
Chapter II. Process description and characteristics of ammonia synthesis reaction 5
2.1Technology Development 5
2.2 The characteristics of ammonia synthesis reaction 8
2.3 Ammonia synthesis 9
Chapter III. Process Description 11
3.1 Selection of Catalysts 11
3.2 The selection of pressure and temperature of 11
3.3 The composition of reactor into the gas tower 13
3.4 The basic process for ammonia synthesis process 13
3.5 Selection process for ammonia synthesis 15
Chapter IV. Process Calculation 17
4.1 Design requirements 17
4.2 Material balance of count 18
4.2.1 reactor material balance 18
4.2.2 Calculation of vapor-liquid equilibrium of ammonia separato 20
4.2.3 Calculation of the cold exchanger , vapor-liquid equilibrium 21
4.2.4 Calculation of liquid ammonia tank iquid equilibrium 22
4.2.5 The material balance of liquid ammonia storage tank 24
4.2.6 Calculation of materials synthesis system 25
4.2.7 Calculation of reactor materials 27
4.2.8 Calculation of water coolers materials 27
4.2.9 Calculation of ammonia separator material 28
4.2.10 Calculation of materials before and after machine cycles 28
4.2.11 Calculation of the cold exchanger materials 29
4.2.12 Calculation of liquid ammonia storage tank materials 30
4.2.13 material balance summary of the results 30
4.3 Heat balance 35
4.3.1 reactor heat balance 35
4.3.2 The energy balance of waste heat boiler 38
4.3.3 Heat exchanger energy balance 39
4.3.4 Soft water heater energy balance 40
4.3.5 water coolers and energy balance of ammonia separator 41
4.3.6 cycle energy balance of 67 compressors 42
4.3.7 Cold switches and energy balance of ammonia cooler 44
Chapter V. Checking the design and selection of major equipment 46
5.1.1 Calculation of ammonia equipment 46
5.1.2 Calculation of waste heat boiler equipment 47
5.1.3 Summary of major equipment selection 52
Chapter VI. Plant layout 53
Chapter VII. Non-technology professional requirements of 54
7.1 Uti..