摘 要

隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化和貿(mào)易自由化進(jìn)程的加快，技術(shù)性貿(mào)易措施得到越來(lái)越廣泛的運(yùn)用，已成為當(dāng)前各國(guó)保護(hù)產(chǎn)業(yè)和促進(jìn)對(duì)外貿(mào)易的重要手段。由于技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘有其名義上的合理性、提法巧妙、形式復(fù)雜、加上其隱蔽性等特點(diǎn)，它既有合理合法的一面，又有容易導(dǎo)致貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義濫用的一面。技術(shù)貿(mào)易壁的主要形式有技術(shù)法規(guī)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和合格評(píng)定程序，包裝和標(biāo)簽的要求以及技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的特殊形式—知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)壁壘。技術(shù)貿(mào)易壁對(duì)中國(guó)機(jī)電出口的積極影響是推動(dòng)機(jī)電企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和機(jī)電產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)，消極影響是增加了出口成本，削弱了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)，給行業(yè)帶來(lái)了巨大損失。中國(guó)機(jī)電出口頻遭國(guó)外技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的原因，從宏觀層面來(lái)看，其實(shí)質(zhì)是發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家和發(fā)展中國(guó)家在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)利益上的爭(zhēng)奪;從微觀層面來(lái)看，技術(shù)壁壘門檻越來(lái)越高、發(fā)展中國(guó)家科技水平的劣勢(shì)和出口產(chǎn)業(yè)的弱質(zhì)性等因素，也是發(fā)展中國(guó)家的產(chǎn)品出口頻遭國(guó)外技術(shù)壁壘的原因。本文從理論和實(shí)踐的角度對(duì)技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘理論進(jìn)行了闡述，并結(jié)合實(shí)際工作中遇到的問(wèn)題，對(duì)xx公司在機(jī)電產(chǎn)品出口中遭遇技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的原因進(jìn)行了較為透徹的分析，并就今后在應(yīng)對(duì)機(jī)電產(chǎn)品出口中受技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘影響的對(duì)策思路方面提出了建設(shè)性和針對(duì)性的建議和意見。使xx公司的機(jī)電出口能有效地跨越國(guó)際貿(mào)易中的技術(shù)壁壘，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)外貿(mào)易穩(wěn)定、可持續(xù)的發(fā)展。

關(guān)鍵詞 技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘 機(jī)電產(chǎn)品 出口 對(duì)策

ABSTRACT
With the acceleration of the economic globalization and the trade liberalization, technical trade measures are used more widely, and they have become important methods of the current countries' industry protection and the promotion of foreign trade. As Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) has nominal rationality, clever references, complex forms, together with the characteristics of its hidden nature, it easily leads to the abuse of trade protectionism while it is legitimate. The main forms of TBT are technical regulations, standards, qualified assessment procedures, packaging and labeling requirements and the special form of TBT-intellectual property barriers. The positive impact of TBT's acting on China electromechanical export is to propel technical innovation of enterprises and upgrading of the industrial structure of China's electromechanical industry. And the negative effect is the increasing of export costs, the weakening of competitive advantage, and huge losses to the industry. From a macro perspective, the reason that China electromechanical exports often encounter foreign TBT is the contention of developed and developing countries in the political and economic interests; from a micro perspective, the reason that developing countries’ exports often encounter foreign TBT is the improvement of technical thresholds, the inferior level of science and technology, and the weakness of the export industries. From perspective of the TBTs’ theory and practice, this paper does in-depth analysis on constructive and purposeful recommendations and responses of Yuandong Company to deal with TBT of electromechanical export, meantime encounters the actual works and problems of Yuandong Company. Thus Yuandong's electromechanical export can get across foreign TBT effectively and foreign trade can achieve stable and sustained development .


Key words TBT electromechanical industry export countermeasures

目 錄
摘要.............................................................I
Abstract........................................................ I I
1．緒論.......................................................... 1
1.1 選題背景................................................. 1
1.2 研究目的及意義............................................2
1.2.1研究目的............................................2
1.2.2研究意義............................................3
1.3 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究狀..............................................3
1.3.1.國(guó)外研究現(xiàn)狀........................................4
1.3.2.國(guó)內(nèi)研究現(xiàn)狀........................................4
2. 技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘概述........................................... 5
2.1 技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的概念、種類、及特點(diǎn)........................5
2.1.1 技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的概念................................5
2.1.2 技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的主要種類............................6
2.1.3 技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的特點(diǎn)................................6
2.2 技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)分析................................7
2.2.1技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的作用機(jī)理分析.........................8
2.2.2技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)分析.........................9
3. 技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘對(duì)xx公司機(jī)電產(chǎn)品出口的影響.....................10
3.1 技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘對(duì)中國(guó)機(jī)電行業(yè)出口的總體影響................
3.2 xx公司簡(jiǎn)介...............................................
3.2.1單位簡(jiǎn)介............................................
3.2.2地理位置............................................
3.2.3公司文化.............................................
3.3 技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘對(duì)xx公司機(jī)電產(chǎn)品出口的影響................
4.xx公司機(jī)電產(chǎn)品遭遇技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的原因剖析.....................
4.1xx公司機(jī)電產(chǎn)品遭遇技術(shù)性壁壘的外因剖析....................
4.1.1中國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易的快速增長(zhǎng)引發(fā)他國(guó)的貿(mào)易保護(hù)意識(shí)........
4.1.2行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)水平低，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系..