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摘要：層狀結(jié)構(gòu)的過渡金屬硫、硒化物作為固體潤滑劑一直備受人們關(guān)注。近年來，對該類納米材料的研究逐漸興起。據(jù)研究，二硒化鉬具有具有很好的摩擦性能,隨著對納米硒化物的研究的開展和深入,發(fā)現(xiàn)納米硒化物及其復(fù)合材料具有更好的摩擦性能。而且石墨烯具有與二硒化鉬類似的結(jié)構(gòu)，具有良好的摩擦性能。以石墨烯為基體,將二硒化鉬沉積在石墨烯上，從而實現(xiàn)軟質(zhì)材料與硬質(zhì)材料的結(jié)合，增加材料的使用壽命。

   本文主要對石墨烯/MoSe2納米復(fù)合材料的制備工藝和摩擦學(xué)性能等問題進(jìn)行初步探索。主要內(nèi)容包括:

(1)采用水熱法合成二硒化鉬，通過對于硒鉬比、反應(yīng)溫度、表面活性劑及后續(xù)處理的調(diào)整，從而實現(xiàn)對于二硒化鉬微觀形貌的優(yōu)化，合成了納米花狀片層結(jié)構(gòu)的二硒化鉬。對所合成的納米材料分別用TEM、SEM等方法進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)、形貌和成分的測試和表征。

(2)將制備二硒化鉬的鉬源、硒源及還原劑加入用PVP修飾的分散均勻的氧化石墨溶液中，通過水熱法一步合成石墨烯/二硒化鉬復(fù)合材料。所制備的二硒化鉬實現(xiàn)了軟質(zhì)材料二硒化鉬與硬質(zhì)材料石墨烯之間的復(fù)合，二硒化鉬均勻沉積在石墨烯片層上。并對所合成的納米復(fù)合材料采用掃描電鏡對其結(jié)構(gòu)、形貌及成分進(jìn)行測試和表征。

(3)將所制備的二硒化鉬及其復(fù)合材料作為潤滑油添加劑，在在UMT-2多功能摩擦試驗機(jī)上進(jìn)行了不同條件的摩擦學(xué)試驗,研究了載荷、轉(zhuǎn)速對摩擦系數(shù)的影響,并對比了其摩擦性能的不同，并且對摩擦機(jī)理進(jìn)行了探究。

關(guān)鍵詞：MoSe2；石墨烯；納米復(fù)合材料；摩擦性能

Abstract

Transitional metal dichalcogenides MX2 have lamellar close-packed hexagonal structures, which was used as solid lubricants extensively.According to the recent research ,molybdenum selenide has good friction properties ,besides,with the further researches have been done,It is clear that nano selenium compounds and composites have better friction properties.

In addition,graphene,Which has a similar structure with molybdenum selenide ,has good frictional properties.In order to length materials’service life,the molybdenum selenide is deposited on graphene substrate,which combine a soft material with a hard material.

In this article,experimental investigation and theoretical analysis were carried out on the preparation process and tribology properties of graphite/MoSe2 nano composites.

Firstly, MoSe2 is prepared by the hydrothermal method .By adjusting the ratio of Selenium and molybdenum ,reaction temperature,Surfactant and subsequent processing ,the optimization of MoSe2 has been achieved. Then nano-flower-like lamellar MoSe2 was synthesized.The products’ component and microstructure of MoSe2 nanostructure were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electronic microscope (SEM).

Secondly, the molybdenum source, selenium source and reducing agent are added into PVP-modified graphite oxide solution,graphite/MoSe2 composite is synthesized by hydrothermal method.The composites’component and microstructure of composite nanostructure were investigated by means of  scanning electronic microscope (SEM).

 At last,the tribological properties of products added as additives in 150bn base oil were investigated by UMT-2 multi-specimen tributester under determinate condition. 

Researches have done to test the influence of load and rotating speed have on the friction coefficient and comparisons were made between these additibes.In addition, friction mechanism was explored.

Keywords: MoSe2 ;graphene ; nanocomposites; friction performance

 

第一章 緒論

1.1 摩擦學(xué)的研究背景和意義

摩擦學(xué)是上個世紀(jì)印年代中期在英國創(chuàng)立的一門主要研究相對運動的表面上摩擦、磨損與潤滑現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生、變化與發(fā)展的規(guī)律及其控制與應(yīng)用的科學(xué)與技術(shù)。摩擦學(xué)研究的主要內(nèi)容是摩擦、磨損和潤滑，其主要任務(wù)就是要控制摩擦和磨損，改善潤滑，以達(dá)到節(jié)能、節(jié)材、降耗和減排的目的。生活中摩擦現(xiàn)象無處不在，如果世上沒有摩擦現(xiàn)象，那么將會寸步難行。

摩擦、磨損和潤滑問題已成為許多技術(shù)部門日常遇到的最普遍、最重要的問題。有人估計，世界上使用的能源大約有功~班消耗于摩擦，