高速無人艇設計與運動性能初步分析

摘     要

高速無人滑行艇具有高速、隱身、智能等優(yōu)點，因而能夠用于靈活作戰(zhàn)，目前，國外已有多種水面高速無人艇應用于軍事領域，特別是以美國為代表的西方國家已將其列為重要的發(fā)展方向；國內在水面高速無人艇技術方面的研究還處在初級階段，近年來研制出的無人駕駛船也只是應用于探測天氣，為了更好低完善我國海軍作戰(zhàn)體系，帶動相關軍工業(yè)的發(fā)展。
本文進行的主要工作有：
一、 針對目前國內外的高速無人艇研究發(fā)展現狀展開了調查研究，并對我國目前滑行艇阻力、穩(wěn)性、耐波性和新艇型的開發(fā)進行簡單的介紹。
二、 從任務需求出發(fā)，結合現有條件，利用Maxsurf軟件進行單體滑行艇模型的設計，并對模型進行了流體性能的初步計算分析。
三、 進行了推進器的設計，并對噴水推進器的種種要素對各個性能的影響進行了分析。
四、 以滑行艇前進、升沉及縱搖運動為目標開展滑行艇流體性能的初步分析。
五、 建立了船前進、升沉、縱搖三自由度運動數學模型，開展了滑行艇三自由度運動預報，分析了高速滑行艇運動特點。
 
關鍵詞：無人滑行艇  性能分析  三自由度運動數學模型  運動預報

Abstract

Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) has some good properties such as high-speed, stealth, intelligence, etc, which can be used for flexible operations, currently, there are many foreign high-speed unmanned surface vessels in the military field, especially the United States as the representative of the Western countries have their as an important direction of development; domestic high-speed unmanned craft on the water technology research is still at the initial stage, developed in recent years of unmanned boat only apply detect the weather, in order to better improve our naval combat system of low, promote the development of military-industrial related.
This major work carried out are:
First，A view of the current domestic and foreign research and development of high-speed unmanned craft launched a survey on the current situation, and introduce resistance, stability, seakeeping, and the development of new hull of our country current planing boat.
Second, from the mission requirements, combined with existing conditions, use of Maxsurf single planing hull model of software design, and model the performance of the preliminary calculation of fluid analysis.
Third, for the propeller design, and all the elements of water jet propulsion of individual performance was analyzed.
Fourth, in order to slide the boat forward, heave and pitch motion targeting of planing craft a preliminary analysis of fluid properties.
Fifth, the establishment of the boat forward, heave, pitch three degrees of freedom mathematical model, carried out three-DOF motion planing prediction of high-speed planing craft motor.
Keywords: unmanned planing crafts; Performance Analysis; numeral model of three degrees of freedom movement; report Exercise of crafts.
目  錄
第1章  緒論 1
1.1引言 1
1.2課題背景 2
1.2.1國外發(fā)展 2
1.2.2國內發(fā)展 4
1.2.3我國對于改善阻力性能的各種特殊措施方面的研究 4
1.2.4我國對滑行艇關于耐波性的研究 5
1.2.5我國對滑行艇關于穩(wěn)性方面的研究 5
1.2.6我國對滑行艇新艇型的開發(fā)與研究 6
1.3論文研究的目的與意義 6
1.4論文主要內容 7
第2章  高速滑行艇maxsurf建模 8
2.1滑行艇的maxsurf建模 8
2.1.1單體滑行艇的主尺度 8
2.1.2單體滑行艇的maxsurf建模視圖 8
2.1.3利用muxsurf對艇靜止在水面時基本計算 10
2.1.4利用Hydromax對艇靜止在水面時基本計算 11
第3章  推進器設計 17
3.1噴水推進器的概要 17
3.2噴水推進器較常規(guī)螺旋槳推進技術的優(yōu)點 17
3.3噴水推進器的工作機理 18
3.4噴水推進器理論 20
3.5影響噴水推進器性能的重要參數 21
3.5.1建立噴水推進器計算模型 21
3.5.2重要參數 21
第4章  滑行艇流體性能初步分析 27
4.1引言 27
4.2滑行艇水動力計算概述 27
4.3滑行艇縱向受力分析 28
4.4滑行平板的流體動力分析 29
4.4.1姆雷（Murry）法估算滑行艇的阻力 30
4.5模型阻力計算 34
4.6滑行艇在靜水中垂蕩運動 38
4.7滑行艇在靜水中縱搖運動 40
4.8滑行艇的縱向運動穩(wěn)定條件 42
第5章  滑行艇三自由度運動預報 43
5.1滑行艇縱向運動耦合方程的數學模型 43
5.1.1坐標系的選取 43
5.1.4 作用于滑行艇的非慣性類水動力（矩） 45
5.2滑行艇所受各非慣性力（矩）的具體計算 45
5.3高速滑行艇運動特點 49
結   論 51
致   謝 52
參考文獻 53