摘 要
ＣＢ3463—1型液壓半自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)塔車床,主要用來加工汽車前橋零件—前輪轂,該種機(jī)床是采用大量中間繼電器及時(shí)間繼電器,并通過插銷板的插孔預(yù)選來實(shí)現(xiàn)對機(jī)床各刀架動(dòng)作的順序控制。由于加工環(huán)境的變化,加上機(jī)床使用年限己久,導(dǎo)致機(jī)床故障率很高。而且因機(jī)床機(jī)、電、液一體化程度較高,電路接線繁雜,查找故障很困難,使維修比較費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力,嚴(yán)重影響了生產(chǎn)正常進(jìn)行。我們對機(jī)床的機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)及精度進(jìn)行檢測,確認(rèn)機(jī)床的機(jī)械剛性良好,液壓系統(tǒng)工作較穩(wěn)定,設(shè)備各項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)精度均在允許值之內(nèi)。經(jīng)分析以及實(shí)踐證明:絕大多數(shù)故障是因操作面板矩陣電路中插銷與插孔接觸不良,繼電器、開關(guān)元件、電磁閥元件等電氣元件性能不良或損壞引起。
我國制造企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)、加工裝備大多是傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)床，用這種裝備加工出來的產(chǎn)品在國際、國內(nèi)市場上缺乏競爭力，影響到企業(yè)的生存和發(fā)展。所以必須大力提高機(jī)床的數(shù)控化率。對于機(jī)床擁有者來說，進(jìn)行普通機(jī)床數(shù)控化改造，只需花費(fèi)購買相同新機(jī)床30%～60%的費(fèi)用即可獲得相同的使用效果，并具有交貨期短、性能穩(wěn)定、設(shè)計(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)小、可以充分體現(xiàn)用戶意愿、使用與維護(hù)方便等諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，所以機(jī)床的數(shù)控化改造不僅僅是當(dāng)前必要和重要的行為，而且也將是一個(gè)長期發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略措施。
關(guān)鍵字：轉(zhuǎn)塔車床 刀架 電磁閥 繼電器

Abstract
ＣＢ 3463 — 1 automatic turret lathe in the half of type hydraulic pressure, use to process the ex- hub in— in parts in ex- bridge in autocar primarily, should grow the engine bed is to adopt the mass in the center after electric appliances on time after electric appliances, and pass to put the pin knothole socket primary election to realize to each knife of engine bed an operative sequential control.Because processing the change of the environment, plusing the engine bed usage time limit F long, cause the engine bed fault rate very high.And turn the degree because of the machine of engine bed, battery, liquid integral whole higher, the electric circuit wiring is complicated, checking to seek the fault very difficult, make maintain the comparison take a lot of time hard to tackle, effected the normal progress in production seriously.We examine to machinery construction and accuracy progresses of the engine bed, confirming the machinery stiffness of the engine bed good, hydraulic pressure system the operate is more stable, equiping various runnings accuracy all at allow the value inside.Through the analysis and practice the proof: the great majority fault puts the pin in the face plate matrix electric circuit because of the operation is bad with socket contact, is bad after electric appliances, switch an etc. electricity a function or the failure causes.
The our country makes the production of the business enterprise and process the mostly traditional engine bed in material, using the product that this kind of material process out to lack the competition ability on nations, local market, effecting the business enterprise exist the sum deveolps.So must increases strongly the number of the engine bed control to turn the rate. To the engine bed own come to say, proceed the common engine bed the number control turn reform, an usage for needing costing purchasing new engine bed in homology 30% ～ 60% expenses can immediately acquiring homology effect, combine have deliver goods the period the short , capability the stabilization, the design the risk small Can well body now customer will, usage and maintenance convenience etc. many advantages, so the number of the engine bed controls to turn to reform to not only only is strategy measure that current necessity and important behavior, but also also will be a long-term development.

Key word : turret lathe knife of engine switch
center after electric appliances


摘 要 1
Abstract 2
第一章 CB3463-1 型半自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)塔車床 1
1.1 轉(zhuǎn)塔車床簡介 1
1.2機(jī)床主要技術(shù)參數(shù)和連接尺寸 1
1.2.1機(jī)床的主要參數(shù) 1
1.2.2允許裝卡零件的旋徑： 2
1.2.3刀架運(yùn)動(dòng)參數(shù)： 2
1.2.4速度參數(shù)： 2
1.2.5動(dòng)力參數(shù)、液壓系統(tǒng)： 3
1.2.6機(jī)床輪廓尺寸、機(jī)床凈重 3
1.3機(jī)床在安裝調(diào)整試車前的注意事項(xiàng) 3
1.3.1機(jī)床安裝水平的找正方法： 3
1.3.2一致性 6
1.3.3油量 6
1.3.4調(diào)壓 6
1.3.5試運(yùn)行、測試 6
第二章 數(shù)控系統(tǒng)總體方案的設(shè)計(jì) 7
2.1 設(shè)計(jì)方案的論證 7
2.1.1數(shù)控改造方案的確定 7
2.1.2伺服系統(tǒng)的改造設(shè)計(jì) 7
2.1.3 系統(tǒng)的硬件電路改造 8
2.2 總體設(shè)計(jì)方案的確定 9
第三章 主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)及進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) 11
3.1 主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng) 11
3.2 進(jìn)給系統(tǒng) 11
3.2.1減少運(yùn)動(dòng)件的摩擦阻力 11
3.2.2提高傳動(dòng)精度和剛度 11
3.2.3減少運(yùn)動(dòng)慣量 11
第四章 檢測系統(tǒng) 12
4.1 檢測元件的要求與分類 12
4.1.1測量系統(tǒng)的要求 12
4.1.2檢測裝置的分類 12
第五章 數(shù)控機(jī)床用可編程控制器 13
5.1 可編程控制器在工業(yè)中的應(yīng)用 13
5.2 PLC在數(shù)控機(jī)床中的應(yīng)用 14
5.2.1PLC在機(jī)床數(shù)控系統(tǒng)中所起的作用 14
5.2.2數(shù)控機(jī)床用PLC的分類 15
5.3 PLC的規(guī)模 17
5.4 PLC的基本工作原理 17
5.4.1PLC的組成 17
5.4.2 PLC的工作原理 20
5.5 PLC的編程方法 21
5.5.1梯形圖 21
5.5.2語句表 22
5.6 順序程序設(shè)計(jì)和調(diào)試 22
5.6.1 確定PLC的型號及其硬件配置 22
5.6.2制作信號接口技術(shù)文件 24
5.6.3編制PLC程序及調(diào)試 25
5.6.4PLC在數(shù)控機(jī)床自動(dòng)換刀中的應(yīng)用 26
第六章 經(jīng)濟(jì)分析 31
第七章 感應(yīng)同步器 32
7.1 ..