畢業(yè)設(shè)計 輕型客車變速器設(shè)計

中文摘要

 
商用車作為汽車家族的主要成員，

 
近年來，以其前所未有的發(fā)展勢頭，成為客運、貨運用車的主力軍。輕型客車作

 
為一種常用商用車型，為我們的日常生活帶來了許多方便。

 
變速器是汽車傳動系統(tǒng)中一個比較關(guān)鍵的部件，它設(shè)計的好壞直接影響到汽

 
車的實際使用性能。

 
大部分——設(shè)計部分和工藝部分。

 
設(shè)計部分?jǐn)⑹隽溯p型汽車手動機械變速器的功用、要求，比對了變速器各種

 
結(jié)構(gòu)方案，說明了變速器主要參數(shù)的確定方法、齒輪的幾何計算和校核過程、軸

 
的尺寸確定和校核過程、軸承等標(biāo)準(zhǔn)零件的選用方法和同步器的選用方法。同時

 
分析設(shè)計了與之相適應(yīng)的操縱機構(gòu)，最后給變速器殼體的設(shè)計方案圖紙。計算過

 
程采用MATLAB編程來進行，主要包括齒輪強度校核程序，軸的強度校核程序和軸

 
的剛度校核程序。主要電算程序和計算結(jié)果將另附一冊進行詳細(xì)說明。

 
機械加工工藝是實現(xiàn)產(chǎn)品設(shè)計，組織生產(chǎn)，加工操作，保證產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的重要

 
依據(jù)技術(shù)保證。本文的工藝部分主要對典型零件的工藝過程進行了分析，包括軸

 
類零件、齒輪類零件、殼體類零件、叉類零件及其他類零件，并選取有代表性的

 
零件，確定了各類零件的材料，制定了工藝過程卡片。另外，對裝配過程也給出

 
了詳細(xì)的說明。

 
關(guān)鍵詞

 
手動變速器 齒輪 軸 同步器 殼體 工藝 MATLAB 

 

 

 
Title 
The transmission design for the light-duty coach

 
Abstract

 
As a main kind of modern automotive vehicle, the commercial vehicle is playing an
 
important role in transportation which can not be placed by others nowadays. In resent
 
years, the commercial vehicle is widely used for freight and passenger transportation.

 
As a common type of commercial car, the light-duty coach makes our living more
 
convenient. The transmission is a key component in the driveline of an automotive
 
vehicle. This paper, which mainly consists of two parts—the part design and the
 
machining, introduces how the manual transmission for light-duty coach is designed

 
and produced.
 
The first part introduces the function of the transmission and the demand. By
 
comparing some kinds of alinements, the paper made an optimization. The paper also
 
introduces how to choose the main parameters of transmission, the gears, the shafts, the

 
synchronizers etc. The paper gives some MATLAB programs to check the gears and
 
shafts in order to ensure that transmission is safe enough when it is working. The main
 
program of the calculation and the result will be explained in details in another
 
appendix. What is more, a brief introduction to the design of shift mechanics and the

 
drawings is given.
 
The second part introduces the processing of machining. Machining is an important
 
guarantee and proof for succeed of product design, manufacturing, processing
 
operation and high quality. This part mainly analyzes the machining processing of

 
typical components, such as shafts, gears, shells, picks and so on. It also takes some of
 
the typical components as examples to show how to make a choice of the materials for
 
varies of components and makes the flowchart for the processing. Finally, the assembly
 
process will be explained in details.
 
Keywords

 
Manual transmission Gear 
Shaft 
Synchronizer Housing 
Machining 
MATLAB 

 

 

 
目錄

 
1

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

3

 

 

 

 

4

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

6
 
緒論................................................................1

1.1 畢業(yè)設(shè)計任務(wù)及要求.............................................1

1.2 變速器的功用和設(shè)計要求.............................................................................................. 1

變速器結(jié)構(gòu)方案的選擇................................................3

2.1 兩軸式變速器和中間軸式變速器................................................................................ 3

2.2 齒輪的安排......................................................................................................................... 4

2.3 換擋結(jié)構(gòu)形式.................................................................................................................... 6

2.4 倒擋的結(jié)構(gòu)方案及倒擋的位置..................................................................................... 8

變速器主要參數(shù)的選擇...............................................10

3.1 變速器擋數(shù)及各擋傳動比.............................................................................................10

3.2 中心距A..............................................................................................................................10

3.3 外形尺寸.............................................................................................................................11

變速器齒輪參數(shù)的確定...............................................12

4.1 模數(shù)......................................................................................................................................12

4.2 壓力角.................................................................................................................................12

4.3 螺旋角.................................................................................................................................12

4.4 齒寬......................................................................................................................................13

4.5 各擋齒輪齒數(shù)的分配......................................................................................................13

同步器的設(shè)計計算...................................................18

變速器結(jié)構(gòu)元件.....................................................21

6.1 齒輪......................................................................................................................................21

6.2 軸及相關(guān)零件...................................................................................................................21 

 

 

 
6.3 
變速器殼體....................................................23

 
7

 

 

8

9

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10

致
 
零件的校核.........................................................24

7.1 齒輪的校核....................................................24

7.2 軸的校核......................................................26

變速器操縱機構(gòu).....................................................30

工藝分析...........................................................31

9.1 殼體加工工藝...................................................................................................................31

9.2 撥叉加工工藝...................................................................................................................31

9.3 齒輪加工工藝...................................................................................................................32

9.4 軸的加工工藝...................................................................................................................33

9.5 工序尺寸鏈計算...............................................................................................................34

9.6 變速器總成的裝配..........................................................................................................36

9.7 裝配尺寸鏈計算...............................................................................................................36

英文翻譯..........................................................39

謝................................................................51

參考文獻...........................................................52

 
附  錄...............................................................53