電子貨幣對貨幣供求體系的影響

目 錄

論文摘要（中文）………………………………………………………………………… Ⅰ
論文摘要（外文）………………………………………………………………………… Ⅱ
一、電子貨幣的概述……………………………………………………………………… 1
（一）電子貨幣的概念……………………………………………………………… 1
（二）電子貨幣的種類……………………………………………………………… 1
（三）電子貨幣的職能與特點(diǎn)……………………………………………………… 2
1．電子貨幣的職能…………………………………………………………  2
2．電子貨幣的特點(diǎn)…………………………………………………………  3
二、電子貨幣對貨幣供求體系的影響…………………………………………………… 4
    （一）電子貨幣對貨幣層次的影響………………………………………………… 4
（二）電子貨幣對貨幣需求的影響………………………………………………… 5
1．古典貨幣需求理論………………………………………………………  5
2．凱恩斯貨幣需求理論……………………………………………………  5
（三）電子貨幣對貨幣供給的影響………………………………………………… 6
1．電子貨幣對貨幣乘數(shù)的影響……………………………………………  6
2．電子貨幣對高能貨幣的影響……………………………………………  7
3．電子貨幣對貨幣供給量的影響…………………………………………  8
（四）電子貨幣對人民幣供求影響的實(shí)證考察…………………………………… 8
1．對人民幣供應(yīng)量的影響分析及實(shí)證考察………………………………  8
2．對人民幣流通速度的影響分析及實(shí)證考察…………………………… 12
三、結(jié)論 ………………………………………………………………………………… 13
注釋……………………………………………………………………………………… 17
參考文獻(xiàn)………………………………………………………………………………… 18
摘 要
二十世紀(jì)七十年代至今，計算機(jī)技術(shù)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)通訊技術(shù)持續(xù)高速發(fā)展。金融機(jī)構(gòu)最初引入計算機(jī)代替手工進(jìn)行金融業(yè)務(wù)的操作，而到如今銀行金融業(yè)務(wù)計算機(jī)聯(lián)網(wǎng)處理、網(wǎng)上銀行、網(wǎng)上支付等使得金融形態(tài)發(fā)生了巨大的變革。一個全新的金融時代——電子金融已經(jīng)來臨。電子金融代表著金融領(lǐng)域的高度電子化、信息化，它催生了屬于它的通貨——電子貨幣。電子貨幣是金融與計算機(jī)信息技術(shù)發(fā)展相結(jié)合的必然產(chǎn)物，是繼紙幣取代鑄幣后貨幣形態(tài)的第二次革命性的變革。電子貨幣的出現(xiàn)對金融體系產(chǎn)生的影響不言而喻。本文主要的研究對象是電子貨幣對貨幣供求體系的影響，從中闡述了筆者的觀點(diǎn)：
●在收入和利率不變的情況下，電子貨幣將使流通中的貨幣需求量減少，淡化貨幣需求動機(jī)的界限，同時會加大貨幣的流通速度。
●電子貨幣的發(fā)行和流通，模糊了傳統(tǒng)貨幣劃分層次的界限，使得貨幣乘數(shù)的效應(yīng)被放大，整個社會的貨幣供應(yīng)量因此變得難以測定。
●電子貨幣現(xiàn)階段對我國的金融體系的影響是有限的，但我們也不能忽視它的存在與發(fā)展，作為國家貨幣政策的“靈魂”——中央銀行應(yīng)該有所應(yīng)對。

關(guān)鍵詞：電子貨幣、貨幣供求

ABSTRACT

From the 70's up to now, the computer and network communication techniques keep on the high-speed development. Financing institution introduced computer into the operation by handicraft at first, but now network processing, on-line bank, Pay on net make a huge change to the financial form. A bran-new financial age - electronic finance has already in front of present. Electronic finance means electron, information, it cause it's own currency-electronic money.
The electronic money is the inevitable outcome that the finance and the computer informational technique combine together. it is the second-time revolution of the currency appearance by the banknotes replaces mint coins. The main research object of this text is the influence to the money supply and demand system under the electronic money, elaborating the standpoint of the writer from it:
● Under the condition of income and interest rates are constant, the electronic money will make the currency demand to reduce, downplaying the boundary of the currency need motive, enlarge the circulating speed at the same time.
● The issue and circulating of the electronic money make the currency layer faintness and the effect of the currency multiple being enlarged, and the quantity of the money supply becomes hard to be measured.
● Currently the influence of the electronic money is limited to the financial system of our country, but we can't neglect its existence and developments, the "soul" of national monetary policy - the National Central Bank should have to reply.

Keywords: electronic money, money supply and demand