畢業(yè)論文-基于ARM的嵌入式系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì)

摘 要
本文提出并研究設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于ARM處理器的嵌入式應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)，并完成了系 統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì)。該系統(tǒng)的硬件在CADENCE公司的EDA環(huán)境下開發(fā)，釆用高速PCB 設(shè)計(jì)方法，進(jìn)行全面仿真設(shè)計(jì)，以保證系統(tǒng)硬件的可靠性。系統(tǒng)充分利用了 ARM 處理器高性能、低功耗、低成本的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，擴(kuò)展了平臺(tái)的通用接口，并且釆用了 GPRS - 無線數(shù)據(jù)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)，為無線應(yīng)用提供了經(jīng)濟(jì)，完善的解決方案。
第一章綜合論述了本文硏究工作的意義和嵌入式系統(tǒng)、GPRS應(yīng)用、EDA技術(shù) 的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀。
第二章詳細(xì)分析了系統(tǒng)的功能需求，并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計(jì)方 案及設(shè)計(jì)原則。
第三章介紹了系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)的硬件核心以及軟件環(huán)境。本系統(tǒng)的硬件核心是 CIRRUS LOGIC公司推出的嵌入式處理器——EP7312,軟件平臺(tái)則采用嵌入式操
作系統(tǒng)。
第四章介紹了系統(tǒng)的硬件幵發(fā)環(huán)境，包括系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)流程和設(shè)計(jì)原則。 第五章詳細(xì)介紹了系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì)。分模塊的介紹了系統(tǒng)各個(gè)功能的具體實(shí)
現(xiàn)。
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第六章給出了本文研究的主要結(jié)論，并對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)一步的優(yōu)化工作進(jìn)行展望。
關(guān)鍵詞：嵌入式系統(tǒng)ARM EP7312嵌入式處理器嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)

ABSTRACT
In this dissertation, an Embedded Application System Based on ARM EP7312 is proposed as well as designed This system is developed based on high performance embedded processor and embedded Linux Operating System- The hardware of this system is designed with Cadence PCB Systems- With the GPRS module, the system provides an economical and perfect solution for wireless application.
In chapter 1， a comprehensive description about the significance of the research work is given- The current research status of embedded system, GPRS application, and EDA technique is also described
In chapter 2, the functional requirement of this system is discussed in detail. Then， a total solution of the system is proposed
In chapter 3, a description about ARM and its operating system is given. The hardware is designed based on embedded processor EP7312. The operating system used in this system is Embedded LINUX.
In chapter 4, the hardware development environment is discussed in detail, including the flow of system design and the principle of design. In chapter 5，the hardware design of the system is discussed in detail- In chapter 6，the main research conclusion is summarized. The prospect of further research work is also proposed.
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KEYWORD: Embedded System, ARM, EP7312， Embedded Processor, Embedded OS
in

目 錄
致謝 
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章緒論   
1.1 嵌入式系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 
1.1.1 嵌入式系統(tǒng)定義 1
1.1.2嵌入式系統(tǒng)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀…   1
1.1.3嵌入式系統(tǒng)發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 2
1.2 GPRS 通信 4
1.3 嵌入式處理器概述 5
1.4 EDA發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 6
1.4.1 EDA發(fā)展階段 6
1.4.2 EDA設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù) 7
1.4.3 EDA技術(shù)的未來  8
1.5 課題提出意義和主要硏究?jī)?nèi)容 8
第二章系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì) 10
2.1 功能需求 10
2.2 功能規(guī)劃 12
2.3 設(shè)計(jì)原則及擴(kuò)展性 13
第三章ARM處理器機(jī)器操作系統(tǒng)概述 15
3.1 ARM核簡(jiǎn)介 15
3.2 ARM720T處埋器結(jié)構(gòu)概述 17
3.3 EP7312體系結(jié)構(gòu) 18
3.3.1 EP7312功能框圖及功能模塊描述 18
3.3.2 EP7312基本工作原理 20
3.3.3內(nèi)存映射 25
3.3.4基于EP7312的最大系統(tǒng) 26
3.4 嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)概述 27
第四章硬件幵發(fā)環(huán)境 32
4.1 硬件系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)工具及流程  33
4.2 高速PCB設(shè)計(jì) 40
4.3 PCB設(shè)計(jì)的一般原則 48
第五章系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) 52
5.1 系統(tǒng)重啟（RESET)模塊 52
5.2 系統(tǒng)時(shí)鐘（CLOCK)模塊 53
5.3 調(diào)試端口（JTAG)  54
5.4 SDRAM 模塊   54
5.5 FLASH 模塊 57
5.6 以太網(wǎng)（ETHERNET)模塊 59
5.7 USB 模塊 62
5.8 串行通信（UAIRT)模塊 64
5.9 紅外通信（IrDA)模塊 67
5.10 GPRS 模塊 68
5.1 1 485 模塊 73
5.12 液晶顯示（LCD)模塊 73
5.13 鍵盤（KEYBOARD)說塊 75
5.14 其他 75
5.15 布線與仿真 77
第六章結(jié)論與展望 84
6.1 結(jié)論 84
6.2 展望 85
參考文獻(xiàn) 86