馬鈴薯收獲機(jī)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)


包括挖掘部件和分離部件的設(shè)計(jì)

摘  要

近年來(lái)，馬鈴薯收獲機(jī)械的研制與推廣有了較大發(fā)展，但目前國(guó)內(nèi)機(jī)型以小型、配套動(dòng)力小，結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、輕便為主。研制機(jī)具的技術(shù)水平也與國(guó)外相差甚大，勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度還是較大，嚴(yán)重制約了馬鈴薯產(chǎn)業(yè)化的發(fā)展。馬鈴薯收獲是一項(xiàng)非常繁重的工作，尤其是馬鈴薯的分離更是一項(xiàng)繁瑣的工作。為了減輕農(nóng)民的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，節(jié)約時(shí)間，通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外馬鈴薯收獲機(jī)械的研究和討論，對(duì)比他們的結(jié)構(gòu)和工作特點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上確定了一種新型馬鈴薯聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)械的起獲與分離設(shè)計(jì)方案。
目前，國(guó)內(nèi)馬鈴薯聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)械研究還比較少，與國(guó)外先進(jìn)的聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)械還有很大的差距。改進(jìn)后的馬鈴薯聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)分離裝置采用了弧形撥齒式分離裝置。這種裝置結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，分離效果好，克服了抖動(dòng)鏈?zhǔn)胶秃Y式分離裝置在小型馬鈴薯收獲機(jī)械上和中粘性土壤中使用的限制，提高了土薯分離效率。新型的馬鈴薯收獲機(jī)的挖掘部件采用鴨掌鏟，其挖凈寬達(dá)99.8%上。

關(guān)鍵詞  馬鈴薯；聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)；挖掘；分離裝置。

 
Abstract

In recent year,the research and extension of the potato harvest machinery has made a great development,but at present,our machine type mainly in small type,small mating power,simple structure and light.There is a big gap between our country and foreign country about the technology level of the equipment research,the labor intensity is still great,they are seriously hold back the potatoes industrial development. Potato harvest is a very heavy work, especially the potato separation is a tedious work. In order to reduce the labor intensity and save time, designer  determined a new dig and separate part of potatoes united harvest machine, through research and discussion on the potatoes harvest machinery in abroad and home , contrast of their structure and characteristics .
Recently,the study of potato harvester is little in domestic,there is large gap between home and the international. After improved the design of the potato combine harvester,which separating device used the arc round roller components.This device has simple structure and good separation,overcome the restriction of the jitter chain and screen type separation,that in small type potatoes harvest machine and the use in viscous soil,improve the separation efficiency. The digging part of new potato harvester is a shovel like the duck palm ,which can dig 99.8 percen of the potatoes.

Keywords  potato;combine harvester; dig; separating device.

目  錄

摘  要 I
Abstract II
第 1 章 緒論 1
1.1 馬鈴薯種植概況 1
1.2 馬鈴薯的價(jià)值 2
1.2.1 馬鈴薯的營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值 2
1.2.2 馬鈴薯的工業(yè)價(jià)值 2
1.2.3 課題研究背景 2
1.3 馬鈴薯收獲機(jī)概述 3
1.3.1 國(guó)外馬鈴薯收獲機(jī)發(fā)展歷史 3
1.3.2 國(guó)內(nèi)馬鈴薯收獲機(jī)發(fā)展歷史 5
1.4 本課題研究的意義、 內(nèi)容及方法 7
1.4.1 研究意義 7
1.4.2 研究?jī)?nèi)容 8
1.4.3 研究方法 9
第 2 章 挖掘部件的設(shè)計(jì) 10
2.1 挖掘鏟的設(shè)計(jì)要求 10
2.2 挖掘鏟的設(shè)計(jì) 10
2.2.1 鏟體總寬度 11
2.2.2 鏟刃夾角 11
2.2.3 鏟面傾角 12
2.2.4 鏟體總長(zhǎng)度 14
第 3 章 喂入輪與撥土輪的設(shè)計(jì) 17
3.1 喂入輪的設(shè)計(jì) 17
3.2 撥土輪的設(shè)計(jì) 18
第 4 章 分離裝置的設(shè)計(jì) 21
4.1 分離裝置的選型 21
4.2 分離裝置的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 24
第 5 章 旋齒分離器運(yùn)動(dòng)分析 28
5.1 問(wèn)題的提出 28
5.2 整機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)及工作過(guò)程 28
5.3 旋齒分離器的運(yùn)動(dòng)分析 29
5.4 公式的驗(yàn)證和問(wèn)題的討論 33
第 6 章 結(jié)論與建議 35
6.1 結(jié)論 35
6.2 建議 36
參考文獻(xiàn) 37
致  謝 39
附錄1 40
附錄2 44