新型曳引節(jié)能抽油機(jī)運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)分析及結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)

摘要：針對(duì)目前常規(guī)游梁式抽油機(jī)能耗大的現(xiàn)狀，提出一種新型新型曳引節(jié)能抽油機(jī)。新型曳引節(jié)能抽油機(jī)以機(jī)架為載體，采用外轉(zhuǎn)子稀土永磁同步電機(jī)為動(dòng)力，由變頻控制器提供變頻后的低頻電流供給外轉(zhuǎn)子稀土永磁同步電機(jī)，使電機(jī)在超低轉(zhuǎn)速下輸出大扭矩。通過(guò)改變電流的頻率可以改變電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速；改變電流的方向可以改變電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)向。電機(jī)直接驅(qū)動(dòng)安裝在兩側(cè)的曳引輪，依靠正壓力和摩擦力帶動(dòng)鋼絲繩及動(dòng)滑輪懸點(diǎn)載荷和配重作往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)，進(jìn)而帶動(dòng)抽油桿和抽油泵采油。
    在本文中，首先對(duì)新型曳引節(jié)能抽油機(jī)進(jìn)行了運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)和動(dòng)力學(xué)分析，得到了懸點(diǎn)速度、加速度和載荷的計(jì)算公式，并設(shè)計(jì)了新型曳引節(jié)能抽油機(jī)的整體結(jié)構(gòu)。由于使用了高效的永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)，減少了電機(jī)損耗，也提高了系統(tǒng)的總體效率。最后對(duì)新型曳引節(jié)能抽油機(jī)的零部件進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)，并繪制了裝配圖和零件圖。

關(guān)鍵詞：新型抽油機(jī)；曳引；節(jié)能；結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)

Kinematic analysis of a new tractor oil pump and structural design

Abstract: In view of the present regular beam pumping unit of the status of large energy consumption, and put forward to a new kind of new traction energy saving pumping unit. New traction energy saving pumping unit regards frame as the carrier, using exterior rotor rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor, which powered by frequency conversion controller, the low frequency current provides frequency supply of rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor , producing motor in ultra -low rate torque output. Changing the current frequency can change the motor rate, the direction of the electric current can be changed to turn moter around. Direct drive motor is installed in the side's tractive sheave, relying on the positive pressure and friction drive steel wire, and Dong HuaLun suspended point load and balance, and then make reciprocating movement driven sucker rod and pump oil production.
    In this paper, regard to new traction energy-saving beam pumping unit kinematics and dynamics analysis, we can get suspended point velocity, acceleration and load formula. Finally, we designed a new traction of overall structure to the energy saving pumping unit. By using efficient permanent magnet synchronous motor, it can reduce loss of motor, and improves the system overall efficiency. Finally, the new tractor oil pump parts were designed, and mapped the assembly and part drawings

          Key words: New Type Oil Pumping Unit; Ether Drag; Energy Conservation; Structural Design
 
目  錄
1  緒  論 1
1.1本文研究意義 1
1.2國(guó)內(nèi)外抽油機(jī)研究現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 1
1.2.1國(guó)內(nèi)外抽油機(jī)研究現(xiàn)狀 1
1.2.2國(guó)內(nèi)外抽油機(jī)發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 2
1.3研究?jī)?nèi)容及方法步驟 3
1.4創(chuàng)新點(diǎn) 4
1.5研究進(jìn)度 4
2  新型曳引節(jié)能抽油機(jī)工作原理及結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn) 6
2.1常規(guī)型游梁式抽油機(jī)工作原理及結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn) 6
2.2 新型曳引節(jié)能抽油機(jī)工作原理 7
2.3 新型曳引節(jié)能抽油機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn) 9
2.3.1 動(dòng)力系統(tǒng) 9
2.3.2 曳引系統(tǒng) 10
2.3.3 控制系統(tǒng) 11
2.3.4 配重平衡系統(tǒng) 11
3  新型曳引節(jié)能抽油機(jī)運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)分析 13
3.1 懸點(diǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)分析 13
3.2 懸點(diǎn)位移，速度，加速度等確定 13
3.3 計(jì)算實(shí)例 14
3.4 懸點(diǎn)加速度，速度，位移曲線圖 15
4  新型曳引節(jié)能抽油機(jī)動(dòng)力學(xué)分析 18
4.1 懸點(diǎn)載荷分析 18
4.2 基本參數(shù)的擬定 18
4.3 懸點(diǎn)靜載荷的分析計(jì)算 18
4.4 懸點(diǎn)動(dòng)載荷的分析計(jì)算 19
4.5 懸點(diǎn)載荷曲線圖 20
5  新型曳引節(jié)能抽油機(jī)主要零部件設(shè)計(jì) 22
5.1 電動(dòng)機(jī)的確定 22
5.2 曳引機(jī)構(gòu) 23
5.2.1 曳引機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì) 23
5.3 配重平衡塊設(shè)計(jì) 24
5.4 導(dǎo)輪的設(shè)計(jì) 25
5.5中央軸承的校核及使用壽命計(jì)算 27
5.5.1 軸承的選擇及校核 27
5.5.2 軸承使用的注意事項(xiàng) 29
5.6 其他主要零部件設(shè)計(jì) 29
5.6.1 鋼絲繩的選型 29
5.6.2 主機(jī)架與底座 30
5.6.3 剎車(chē)裝置及剎車(chē)安全裝置 32
5.6.4 懸繩器及光桿卡具 33
6  新型曳引節(jié)能抽油機(jī)經(jīng)濟(jì)性分析 35
7  結(jié)  論 37
參考文獻(xiàn) 38
致  謝 39