摘 要
現(xiàn)代機(jī)器向著高速度高效率高精度方向的發(fā)展，對機(jī)器制造業(yè)也提出了新的要求：機(jī)器零件的精度越來越高。同時，結(jié)構(gòu)也日趨復(fù)雜，特別是箱體零件具有孔系多的特點，它的加工除了本身又尺寸精度的要求外，還有形狀精度和孔系之間相對位置精度的要求。
鏜床主要用于加工精確的孔和各孔間的距離要求較為精確的零件。目前國內(nèi)使用鏜床90%都是使用繼電器-接觸器傳統(tǒng)的控制方式，這種方式使機(jī)械震動噪聲大，接線復(fù)雜，維修工作量大。
孔加工一般可在鉆床、車床、鏜床、拉床、內(nèi)圓磨床上進(jìn)行，有些工件也在鏜床上加工。鏜床加工的特點是：主運(yùn)動由刀具作旋轉(zhuǎn)來完成，而進(jìn)給運(yùn)動是由主軸或工作臺的移動來達(dá)到，并且可以通過鏜床工作臺的三個方向移動，很方便、準(zhǔn)確地調(diào)整切削刀具與工件的相對位置。因此在鏜床上進(jìn)行鉆孔、鉸孔和鏜孔也是一種重要的加工方法。
T619鏜床傳統(tǒng)的繼電器接觸器控制系統(tǒng)存在著復(fù)雜性、故障率高、維護(hù)工作量大、可靠性差、靈活性差等缺點;給生產(chǎn)與維護(hù)帶來諸多不便，嚴(yán)重地影響生產(chǎn)。采用可編程序控制器 對T619鏜床傳統(tǒng)的電氣控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行改造，在實際生產(chǎn)線上有著明顯的效率，這也使整個生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)帶來推動的力量。單片機(jī)對T619鏜床電氣控制系統(tǒng)的改造設(shè)計,提高了T619鏜床電氣控制系統(tǒng)的可靠性和抗干擾能力。

關(guān)鍵字：鏜床 單片機(jī) 改造
ABSTRACT
The development of modern high-efficiency high accuracy direction of the machine facing high speed degree also put forward a new request to the machine manufacturing industry:The accuracy of the machine parts is more and more high.In the meantime, the structure is also gradually complicated, especially the box body spare parts have bore to fasten many characteristicses, it of process in addition to oneself again the request of size accuracy outside returns the request of opposite position accuracy that visible form accuracy and bore fasten.
The Tang bed mainly useds for bore and the distance of each bore which processes a precision to request more accurate spare parts.Currently local usage Tang bed all of 90%s be usages after the electric appliances-contact the machine traditional control method, this kind of way makes the machine vibrate a Zao voice greatly and connect line complications, maintain a work to have great capacity.
The bore processes generally can in drill the bed, lather, Tang bed, pull the bed, circle grinding machine up carry on, some work piece also processes on the Tang bed.The characteristics that the Tang bed process is:Lord sport is make by the knife to revolve to complete, but enter is attain by the ambulation of the principal axis or the work pedestal for sport, and can pass the Tang bed work pedestal of three direction ambulation, very convenient, accurately the adjustment slice to pare knife to have and the opposite position of work piece.Therefore Be on the Tang bed carry on drill a hole, Jiao bore and Tang bore are importantly also 1 kind to process a method.
The T619 Tang bed traditionally exists complexity, breakdown rate after the electric appliances contact machine control system Gao, maintenance the work have great capacity, credibility bad, vivid bad etc. weakness;Bring production and maintenance many inconvenience, seriously the influence produce.Adopt programmable preface controller to carry on a reformation to the traditional electricity control system of the T619 Tang bed, at actual produce on-line have an obvious efficiency, this also makes the whole production system bring the strength of push.Single slice reformation design of machine to the electricity control of the T619 Tang bed system, raised the T619 Tang bed electricity a control system of credibility and anti- interference ability
目 錄
摘 要 1
ABSTRACT 2
緒 論 5
第一章 T619機(jī)床的用途、主要結(jié)構(gòu)和運(yùn)動 6
第一節(jié) 機(jī)床的電力拖動方式 8
第二節(jié) T619型臥式鏜床運(yùn)動對電氣控制電路的要求 8
第三節(jié) 控制電路的分析 8
1、主軸電動機(jī)M1的電路分析 8
2、電動機(jī)M2的電路分析 9
第四節(jié) 主電路的分析 10
第五節(jié) 聯(lián)鎖保護(hù)環(huán)節(jié)的分析 10
第三章 T619鏜床電氣控制系統(tǒng)的單片機(jī)改造 10
第一節(jié) 單片機(jī)原理概述 10
第二節(jié) 單片機(jī)的應(yīng)用系統(tǒng) 11
第三節(jié) AT89C51簡介 12
第四節(jié) T619鏜床單片機(jī)控制程序設(shè)計 15
1.工作原理 15
2．控制程序 17
參考文獻(xiàn) 29
附錄A 30
總結(jié) 31