摘  要

凝汽系統(tǒng)是電站凝汽式汽輪機(jī)組重要的輔助設(shè)備，它起著冷源的作用。凝汽器運(yùn)行的熱力性能對(duì)汽輪機(jī)機(jī)組運(yùn)行的安全性與經(jīng)濟(jì)性有很多影響。深入研究凝汽系統(tǒng)的工作機(jī)理和運(yùn)行特性，建立凝汽系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行監(jiān)測(cè)模型，對(duì)提高機(jī)組經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行水平有著重要的意義。
由于引起凝汽器故障的原因很多，判斷起來(lái)不容易。本文采用比較先進(jìn)的專家系統(tǒng)來(lái)進(jìn)行凝汽器的故障診斷。論述了火電廠凝汽設(shè)備的運(yùn)行特性；分析了凝汽系統(tǒng)的常見故障，重點(diǎn)分析了凝汽器故障與專家系統(tǒng)故障征兆之間的關(guān)系；在綜合了專家系統(tǒng)之后，構(gòu)成了凝汽器性能診斷專家系統(tǒng)模型。
該凝汽器性能診斷專家系統(tǒng)，能及時(shí)、在線地對(duì)故障有關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè)，得到故障原因和操作指導(dǎo)，從而使系統(tǒng)盡快恢復(fù)正常，保證生產(chǎn)的順利進(jìn)行。主要工作包括三個(gè)方面：整理了凝汽器故障知識(shí)庫(kù)；開發(fā)了診斷專家系統(tǒng)的知識(shí)庫(kù)；利用Visual Basic 6.0開發(fā)了凝汽器性能診斷專家系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)具有界面友好，操作簡(jiǎn)單等特點(diǎn)。

關(guān)鍵字：凝汽器  性能診斷  專家系統(tǒng) 

ABSTRACT

Condenser system is condensing steam turbine power plant auxiliary equipment important, it plays the role of the cold source. Thermal performance of condenser operation has important impact to security and economy of the turbine unit operation. Depth study of the working mechanism of steam systems and operational characteristics, the establishment of steam system operation monitoring model, the level of economic operation to improve the unit has an important significance
It isn’t easy to determine Condenser Fault. In this paper, more advanced expert system for fault diagnosis of the condenser. Condensing power plants are discussed operational characteristics of equipment; of the common faults steam system, analyzes the failure of condenser fault with the expert system the relationship between symptoms; in the integrated expert system, constitutes a condenser Performance diagnostic expert system model.
The condenser performance diagnostic expert system, in time, on-line fault-related data to monitor, is cause of the malfunction and operational guidance, so that the system returns to normal as soon as possible to ensure smooth production. Main work includes three aspects: a consolidation of the condenser fault knowledge base; two developed a diagnostic expert system knowledge base; three developed using Visual Basic 6.0 condenser performance diagnostic expert system. The system is user friendly, simple operation.Visual Basic 6.0.The software is easy for operators to operate and has a friendly interface.

Key Words: condenser    performance diagnosis    expert system
 
目  錄

                                       
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 課題的背景及意義 1
1.2 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 4
1.3 本論文的主要工作 5
第二章 火電廠凝汽器主要的性能指標(biāo)和常見故障 6
2.1 概述 6
2.2 凝汽器簡(jiǎn)介 6
2.3 凝汽器主要性能指標(biāo)分析及狀態(tài)檢測(cè)參數(shù)的確定 7
2.3.1 凝汽器主要性能指標(biāo)的分析 7
2.3.2 凝汽器狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)參數(shù)的確定 9
2.4 凝汽器故障 10
2.4.1 真空系統(tǒng)比嚴(yán)密 11
2.4.2 凝汽器冷卻管 11
2.4.3 真空系統(tǒng)管路爆裂 11
2.4.4 凝汽器冷卻管臟污 12
2.4.5 真空泵故障 12
2.4.6 循環(huán)水排水管道排水不暢 12
2.4.7 循環(huán)水量不足 12
2.4.8 凝汽器滿水 13
2.4.9 凝結(jié)水泵工作不正常 13
第三章 凝汽器性能診斷系統(tǒng)研究 14
3.1 故障診斷的主要理論和方法 14
3.1.1 故障診斷神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論和方法 14
3.1.2 故障診斷模糊診斷理論和方法 14
3.1.3 故障診斷專家系統(tǒng)診斷理論和方法 15
3.2 專家系統(tǒng) 16
3.2.2 專家系統(tǒng)的特征 16
3.2.3 專家系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)成 17
3.3 凝汽器性能診斷專家系統(tǒng)的組成 17
3.4 知識(shí)庫(kù)的不確定性表示 19
3.5 規(guī)則庫(kù)的不確定性 20
3.6 結(jié)論的可信度 23
第四章 凝汽器性能監(jiān)測(cè)與故障診斷系統(tǒng)的實(shí)現(xiàn) 24
4.1 凝汽器性能監(jiān)測(cè)與故障診斷系統(tǒng)的概述 24
4.1.1 系統(tǒng)的編程環(huán)境 24
4.1.2 系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行環(huán)境 24
4.1.3 系統(tǒng)總體構(gòu)成和功能 24
4.2 系統(tǒng)功能實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)述和主要界面 26
4.3 離線火電廠凝汽器性能診斷 29
4.4 知識(shí)庫(kù)查詢與編輯 30
第五章 結(jié)論與展望 32
5.1 結(jié)論 32
5.2 展望 32
參考文獻(xiàn) 33
附錄1：部分程序 34
致   謝 38