機(jī)械式立體停車(chē)庫(kù)下位機(jī)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

摘要
隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展，汽車(chē)保有量的不斷增加，停車(chē)難已成為一些大城市的問(wèn)題。國(guó)外的許多城市，也存在停車(chē)難的問(wèn)題。世界各國(guó)在解決這一難題中采取的措施有所不同，但機(jī)械式立體停車(chē)庫(kù)的應(yīng)用是各個(gè)國(guó)家都積極采取的解決辦法。   
垂直升級(jí)式停車(chē)設(shè)備是一種機(jī)械式立體停車(chē)設(shè)備，本文針對(duì)自行設(shè)計(jì)的一種新型垂直升降式停車(chē)設(shè)備的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)及其對(duì)控制系統(tǒng)的要求，提出了停車(chē)設(shè)備單片機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)方案和電力拖動(dòng)系統(tǒng)方案；進(jìn)行了控制系統(tǒng)軟硬件方案設(shè)計(jì)和調(diào)速方案設(shè)計(jì)；最后對(duì)研究工作做了總結(jié)和展望。
    本文提出了一 種單片機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)方案，完成了系統(tǒng)硬件電路原理圖的繪制；軟件的設(shè)計(jì)。
    根據(jù)停車(chē)設(shè)備運(yùn)行特點(diǎn)和電氣控制要求提出了系統(tǒng)電力拖動(dòng)方案。該方案確定了電力拖動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的組成:選擇了電機(jī)和各低壓電器；確定了停車(chē)設(shè)備運(yùn)行速度曲線。 

關(guān)鍵詞：停車(chē)設(shè)備；單片機(jī)；控制系統(tǒng)
 
Abstract
  Along with speedily developing of our country economy and the automobile in the city-retained amount having sharp increase，the difficult problems of city parking has appeared．In addition，many foreign cities lack of parking place also．Though that country of the world adopts different solution，application of the space-parking system is unified method． 
  The vertical lifting parking equipment is one type of the mechanical parking equipment.According to the structural traits of a new type of vertical lifting mechanical parking equipment designed by us and the requirements to the control system, a kind of single-chip microcomputer control system scheme and a electric power draw system scheme are developed in this paper; The control system's hardware and software scheme are designed; In the end,the summary and the prospect to this paper's study work is given.
  A single-chip microcomputer control system scheme is presented in this paper; the design and the drawing of hardware circuits  is made; the software program is compiled.
  Based on the parking equipment's working traits and the requirements of the electrification control, the electric power draw system scheme is developed. The scheme determines the component of electric power system, the selection of electrical machinery and all kinds of low pressure electrical equipments, the determination of working velocity.

Key words:parking equipment；single-chip microcomputer；control system
 
目錄
第一章  緒論 1
1.1 課題來(lái)源和意義 1
1.2 本課題國(guó)內(nèi)外研究動(dòng)態(tài) 2
1.3 本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容 3
第二章  停車(chē)設(shè)備結(jié)果和工作原理 4
2.1 機(jī)械式立體停車(chē)設(shè)備的類(lèi)別及特點(diǎn) 4
2.2 垂直升降式停車(chē)設(shè)備結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理 5
2.2.1 升降驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng) 6
2.2.2 車(chē)輛存取方式 7
第三章  停車(chē)設(shè)備單片機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 9
3.1 停車(chē)設(shè)備控制要求 9
3.2 停車(chē)設(shè)備控制系統(tǒng)總體結(jié)構(gòu) 9
3.3 停車(chē)設(shè)備控制系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) 11
3.3.1 單片機(jī)子系統(tǒng) 11
3.3.2 復(fù)位電路 13
3.3.3 信號(hào)輸入電路 14
3.3.4 輸出驅(qū)動(dòng)電路 17
3.3.5 鍵盤(pán)/顯示電路 20
3.3.6 時(shí)間處理電路 22
3.3.7 蜂鳴器報(bào)警驅(qū)動(dòng)電路 23
3.3.8 供電電源 23
3.4 停車(chē)設(shè)備控制系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) 24
3.4.1 主要程序模塊及其流程圖 24
3.4.2 軟件調(diào)試 27
3.5 控制系統(tǒng)的抗干擾措施 27
3.5.1 硬件抗干擾 27
3.5.2 軟件抗干擾 28
第四章  停車(chē)設(shè)備電力拖動(dòng)系統(tǒng) 29
4.1 電力拖動(dòng)系統(tǒng)組成 29
4.1.1 曳引電機(jī) 29
4.1.2 停車(chē)設(shè)備安全技術(shù) 30
4.2 停車(chē)設(shè)備運(yùn)行速度曲線 31
4.3 停車(chē)設(shè)備超速保護(hù) 32
4.4 調(diào)速方案 32
4.4.1 交流變極調(diào)速 32
4.4.2 交流變頻變壓（VVVF）調(diào)速 32
4.4.3 交流變壓（ACVV)調(diào)速 35
第五章 結(jié)論和展望 36
5.1 本文取得的結(jié)論 36
5.2 對(duì)今后工作的展望 36
致謝 37
參考文獻(xiàn) 38
附錄 40