永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)調(diào)速控制系統(tǒng)仿真研究

摘要

 本文以永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)速度控制為主題，采用MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真工具，開(kāi)展永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)(PMSM：Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor)速度控制系統(tǒng)的研究。
主要介紹了永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)、工作原理和數(shù)學(xué)模型，分析了磁場(chǎng)定向矢量控制方法及坐標(biāo)變換，并提出了永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)速度的控制方案，永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)調(diào)速控制系統(tǒng)由永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)本體、變頻器、磁極位置檢測(cè)器及控制裝置等重要元件構(gòu)成。永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)的控制系統(tǒng)主要由主回路和控制回路組成。而對(duì)于整個(gè)控制系統(tǒng)主要是改變速度調(diào)節(jié)器中速度給定值的極性和大小，就可以使永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)在四象限中方便地運(yùn)行。
最后采用MATLAB/SIMUINK仿真工具對(duì)控制系統(tǒng)PID控制進(jìn)行仿真分析。永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)容易控制，動(dòng)態(tài)特性好，適用于中小功率的高性能伺服場(chǎng)合。實(shí)驗(yàn)證明該方法是一種經(jīng)典實(shí)用、性能很好的控制策略。最終結(jié)果表明：與同容積的異步機(jī)相比，永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)的效率、功率因數(shù)均大為提高，由它構(gòu)成的調(diào)速控制系統(tǒng)具有良好的啟動(dòng)性能和平穩(wěn)性，是一種高品質(zhì)的節(jié)能電動(dòng)機(jī)調(diào)速系統(tǒng)。
關(guān)鍵詞：永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)；調(diào)速控制系統(tǒng)；矢量控制；仿真
 
Abstract

The theme of this text is permasyn motor, adopt MATLAB/SIMUINK emulation tool, unfold the research of the synchronous motor of permanent magnetism adjusts the control system of the speed.
This text having introduced the structure, principle of work and the mathematics model of  the permasyn motor, analyzed vector control means and Coordinate Transfer, bring forward the control proposal of permasyn motor. The important component of the synchronous motor of permanent magnetism adjusts the control system of the speed is ynchronous motor of permanent magnetism, frequency converter, magnetic pole position detection and control device. The control system of PMSM and controls the return circuit to make up by the main return circuit mainly. And to change speed plane nature and size of setting value in the regulator mainly to whole control system, can make the synchronous motor of permanent magnetism run conveniently in four quadrants.
Adopt MATLAB/SIMUINK emulation tool to emulation analyzes the system of control system PID finally. The synchronous motor of permanent magnetism adjusts the control system of the speed. is easy to control,,ydynamic property is good,applied to the situation of miniwatt high performance servo. Experiments have corroborated  that this method is scriptures practical, good performance control plot.The final result shows: Compared with the situation with the asynchronous machine of the volume, the efficiency of the synchronous motor of permanent magnetism, power factor greatly improve, it has good arrival performance and stationary that the ones that are formed by it adjust the control system of the speed, it is a kind of high-quality energy-conserving motor that adjusts the speed systematically.
Key words: permanent magnet synchronous; speed adjustable system; vector control; simulation

目錄

0前言……………………………………………………………………1
1永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)的數(shù)學(xué)模型…………………………………………2
1.1永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理………………………………2
1.2永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)的數(shù)學(xué)模型………………………………………3
1.3電動(dòng)機(jī)統(tǒng)一控制理論………………………………………………5
1.3.1 調(diào)速的關(guān)鍵是轉(zhuǎn)矩控制………………………………………5
1.3.2 統(tǒng)一的電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)矩公式………………………………………6
1.4 交流電動(dòng)機(jī)矢量控制的基本概念………………………………7
1.4.1 矢量控制思想的提出…………………………………………7
1.4.2 矢量控制中的坐標(biāo)變換………………………………………8
1.5 永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)的 軸系數(shù)學(xué)模型…………………………9
2 PMSM調(diào)速控制系統(tǒng)…………………………………………………14
2.1 永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)的電磁設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………14
2.2 永磁同步電機(jī)的常用電流控制策略……………………………15
2.2.1 矢量控制 控制………………………………………………16
2.2.2 單位電流最大轉(zhuǎn)矩控制策略……………………………………17
2.2.3 恒磁通控制策略…………………………………………………18
2.2.4 常用電流控制策略的比較………………………………………20
2.3 控制系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成……………………………………………………21
2.3.1  控制系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)成…………………………………………22
2.3.2 控制系統(tǒng)模型……………………………………………………23
2.3.3 PWM變頻器……………………………………………………24
2.3.4 轉(zhuǎn)子位置檢測(cè)器…………………………………………………26
2.4 控制系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行原理……………………………………………29
3 PMSM矢量控制系統(tǒng)的仿真研究…………………………………31
3.1 PMSM矢量控制系統(tǒng)的SIMULINK實(shí)現(xiàn)………………………31
3.2仿真結(jié)果與分析……………………………………………………35
4 技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)分析………………………………………………………43
5 結(jié)論…………………………………………………………………44
致謝……………………………………………………………………45
參考文獻(xiàn)………………………………………………………………46
附錄A 譯文……………………………………………………………47
附錄B 外文文獻(xiàn)………………………………………………………59