多功能高空作業(yè)平臺設(shè)計.doc
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多功能高空作業(yè)平臺設(shè)計,摘要高空作業(yè)平臺是高空維修的主要設(shè)備之一,能將工作人員和相關(guān)設(shè)備運(yùn)送到指定高度進(jìn)行作業(yè),具有操作簡單、安全可靠等功能,廣泛應(yīng)用于城市電力、建筑等領(lǐng)域。由于變電站現(xiàn)場維修環(huán)境的特殊性,現(xiàn)有的設(shè)備并不能完全滿足現(xiàn)場維修的需要,急需一種新型設(shè)備來克服現(xiàn)有設(shè)備的缺陷。本文針對以上問題,以檢修變電站某種類型的互感器為對象,對現(xiàn)有...
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摘 要
高空作業(yè)平臺是高空維修的主要設(shè)備之一,能將工作人員和相關(guān)設(shè)備運(yùn)送到指定高度進(jìn)行作業(yè),具有操作簡單、安全可靠等功能,廣泛應(yīng)用于城市電力、建筑等領(lǐng)域。由于變電站現(xiàn)場維修環(huán)境的特殊性,現(xiàn)有的設(shè)備并不能完全滿足現(xiàn)場維修的需要,急需一種新型設(shè)備來克服現(xiàn)有設(shè)備的缺陷。本文針對以上問題,以檢修變電站某種類型的互感器為對象,對現(xiàn)有的高空作業(yè)平臺進(jìn)行深入的研究,研制一種集高空作業(yè)平臺和起重機(jī)于一體的多功能高空作業(yè)平臺,在分析整體方案的基礎(chǔ)上,針對起重機(jī)的受力特點,建立了承載多種載荷工況的幾何模型,進(jìn)行了有限元分析和優(yōu)化,并對關(guān)鍵機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行動態(tài)特性的研究,為新產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)提供了一定的指導(dǎo)。
論文主要研究了以下內(nèi)容:
(1) 針對變電站工作現(xiàn)場的特點,提出了多功能高空作業(yè)平臺的設(shè)計參數(shù),在分析多種方案的基礎(chǔ)上,選出了一種最佳方案——多節(jié)伸縮臂滑動式升降機(jī)構(gòu),體積小、輕巧方便,同時具有高空檢修、吊裝、梯子和重物搬運(yùn)等功能,然后對起吊機(jī)構(gòu)、變幅機(jī)構(gòu)、旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)和伸縮臂機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計,從而確定了整體結(jié)構(gòu)模型。
(2) 應(yīng)用Hypermesh軟件對整機(jī)的三維模型進(jìn)行網(wǎng)格劃分,在此基礎(chǔ)上運(yùn)用ABAQUS軟件進(jìn)行有限元分析,得到了兩種工況下各構(gòu)件的應(yīng)力和位移分布規(guī)律,并根據(jù)分析結(jié)果對應(yīng)力集中處進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)。
(3) 根據(jù)改進(jìn)后的分析結(jié)果,各處應(yīng)力集中都相應(yīng)的減小,但伸縮臂受力仍不均勻,應(yīng)用OPTISTRUCT軟件進(jìn)行離散尺寸優(yōu)化,使整機(jī)的重量和體積都相應(yīng)減小,各構(gòu)件受力均勻,獲得了較為理想的結(jié)構(gòu)。
(4) 運(yùn)用動力學(xué)仿真軟件ADAMS對多功能高空作業(yè)平臺進(jìn)行了動態(tài)分析,生成一系列執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)的動力學(xué)特性曲線,為設(shè)備的工作性能提供參照依據(jù)。同時為了防止絲桿在作業(yè)過程中發(fā)生共振,對絲桿進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析,得出其固有頻率和振型,進(jìn)一步確定整機(jī)的安全可靠性。
關(guān)鍵詞 高空作業(yè)平臺;起重機(jī);結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計;有限元分析;優(yōu)化;動態(tài)分析
Abstract
High-altitude platform is one of the main high altitude maintenance equipment, which can sent the staff to the designated height, being of simple operation, reliable safe and serving the city's energy and the building. The existing equipment can’t completely meet maintenance needs due to the complex environment, so a new equipment needed to remedy the defect. Be aimed at above problem, the article focuses on some kind of transformer and carrys deeply research on high-altitude platform, then we develop a new multifunction high-altitude platform with functions of repairing platform and crane. On the basis of analysis the whole project, finite element analysis model under the load condition is established according to the load feature of crane and being finite element analysis, optimization and dynamic characteristics, which provide guidance for the new products.
Main researches are as follow:
(1) According to the substation characteristics, we introduce design parameters of the multifunction high-altitude platform. On the basis analysis of the whole project, we choose the best project, multiple class telescopic sliding and lifting mechanism, compact and easy to use, with functions of repairing platform, crane, ladder and handling. Hoisting institutions, luffing mechanism, slewing mechanism and telescopic jib institutions are designed in detail, the whole structure are finally determined.
(2) Finishing the dimensional gridding of the model by Hypermesh software and using ABAQUS software to analysis the model, we get the distributional regularities of stress and displacement under two work conditions, and then make improvement to the structure under the results of analysis on the stress.
(3) According to the results of the improved structure, the stress concentration decreased except non-uniform load of telescopic jib, we make discrete size optimization with OPTISTRUCT software and get the desired structure of small size and light weight.
(4) Being dynamic analysis on multifunction high-altitude platform with ADAMS software, we get dynamic executive curve, which provides a reference for working performance of equipment. In order to prevent screw resonance occurred, we need to make sure its natural frequency and mode shape,and further to confirm high safety and reliability.
Keywords high-altitude platform; crane; structural design; finite element analysis; optimization; dynamic analysis
目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 課題研究的背景及意義 1
1.1.1 研究背景 1
1.1.2 研究意義 2
1.2 國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀及存在的問題 3
1.2.1 研究現(xiàn)狀 3
1.2.2 存在問題 5
1.3 本文研究的主要內(nèi)容與結(jié)構(gòu) 6
1.3.1 研究內(nèi)容 6
1.3.2 文章結(jié)構(gòu) 7
1.4 本章小結(jié) 7
第二章 非線性有限元理論和動力學(xué)理論 8
2.1 非線性有限元分析理論 8
2.1.1 非線性有限元的力學(xué)基礎(chǔ) 8
2.1.2 非線性有限元求解方法 11
2.1.3 接觸單元分析理論 13
2.2 動力學(xué)理論 14
2.2.1 多體動力學(xué)的分析思想 14
2.2.2 多剛體系統(tǒng)動力學(xué) 14
2.2.3 多體系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)方程求解 16
2.3 本章小結(jié) 18
第三章 多功能高空作業(yè)平臺的設(shè)計 20
3.1 概述 20
3.2 基本性能參數(shù) 20
3.3 整體方案分析 21
3.4 機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 21
3.4.1 基本結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理 22
3.4.2 起吊機(jī)構(gòu) 22
3.4.3 變幅機(jī)構(gòu) 26
3.4.4 旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu) 27
3.4.5 立柱伸縮機(jī)構(gòu) 28
3.4.6 行走機(jī)構(gòu) 30
3.4.7 安全防護(hù)裝置 31
3.5 電控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 31
3.6 最終結(jié)構(gòu)模型 32
3.7 本章小結(jié) 33
第..
高空作業(yè)平臺是高空維修的主要設(shè)備之一,能將工作人員和相關(guān)設(shè)備運(yùn)送到指定高度進(jìn)行作業(yè),具有操作簡單、安全可靠等功能,廣泛應(yīng)用于城市電力、建筑等領(lǐng)域。由于變電站現(xiàn)場維修環(huán)境的特殊性,現(xiàn)有的設(shè)備并不能完全滿足現(xiàn)場維修的需要,急需一種新型設(shè)備來克服現(xiàn)有設(shè)備的缺陷。本文針對以上問題,以檢修變電站某種類型的互感器為對象,對現(xiàn)有的高空作業(yè)平臺進(jìn)行深入的研究,研制一種集高空作業(yè)平臺和起重機(jī)于一體的多功能高空作業(yè)平臺,在分析整體方案的基礎(chǔ)上,針對起重機(jī)的受力特點,建立了承載多種載荷工況的幾何模型,進(jìn)行了有限元分析和優(yōu)化,并對關(guān)鍵機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行動態(tài)特性的研究,為新產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)提供了一定的指導(dǎo)。
論文主要研究了以下內(nèi)容:
(1) 針對變電站工作現(xiàn)場的特點,提出了多功能高空作業(yè)平臺的設(shè)計參數(shù),在分析多種方案的基礎(chǔ)上,選出了一種最佳方案——多節(jié)伸縮臂滑動式升降機(jī)構(gòu),體積小、輕巧方便,同時具有高空檢修、吊裝、梯子和重物搬運(yùn)等功能,然后對起吊機(jī)構(gòu)、變幅機(jī)構(gòu)、旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)和伸縮臂機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計,從而確定了整體結(jié)構(gòu)模型。
(2) 應(yīng)用Hypermesh軟件對整機(jī)的三維模型進(jìn)行網(wǎng)格劃分,在此基礎(chǔ)上運(yùn)用ABAQUS軟件進(jìn)行有限元分析,得到了兩種工況下各構(gòu)件的應(yīng)力和位移分布規(guī)律,并根據(jù)分析結(jié)果對應(yīng)力集中處進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)。
(3) 根據(jù)改進(jìn)后的分析結(jié)果,各處應(yīng)力集中都相應(yīng)的減小,但伸縮臂受力仍不均勻,應(yīng)用OPTISTRUCT軟件進(jìn)行離散尺寸優(yōu)化,使整機(jī)的重量和體積都相應(yīng)減小,各構(gòu)件受力均勻,獲得了較為理想的結(jié)構(gòu)。
(4) 運(yùn)用動力學(xué)仿真軟件ADAMS對多功能高空作業(yè)平臺進(jìn)行了動態(tài)分析,生成一系列執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)的動力學(xué)特性曲線,為設(shè)備的工作性能提供參照依據(jù)。同時為了防止絲桿在作業(yè)過程中發(fā)生共振,對絲桿進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析,得出其固有頻率和振型,進(jìn)一步確定整機(jī)的安全可靠性。
關(guān)鍵詞 高空作業(yè)平臺;起重機(jī);結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計;有限元分析;優(yōu)化;動態(tài)分析
Abstract
High-altitude platform is one of the main high altitude maintenance equipment, which can sent the staff to the designated height, being of simple operation, reliable safe and serving the city's energy and the building. The existing equipment can’t completely meet maintenance needs due to the complex environment, so a new equipment needed to remedy the defect. Be aimed at above problem, the article focuses on some kind of transformer and carrys deeply research on high-altitude platform, then we develop a new multifunction high-altitude platform with functions of repairing platform and crane. On the basis of analysis the whole project, finite element analysis model under the load condition is established according to the load feature of crane and being finite element analysis, optimization and dynamic characteristics, which provide guidance for the new products.
Main researches are as follow:
(1) According to the substation characteristics, we introduce design parameters of the multifunction high-altitude platform. On the basis analysis of the whole project, we choose the best project, multiple class telescopic sliding and lifting mechanism, compact and easy to use, with functions of repairing platform, crane, ladder and handling. Hoisting institutions, luffing mechanism, slewing mechanism and telescopic jib institutions are designed in detail, the whole structure are finally determined.
(2) Finishing the dimensional gridding of the model by Hypermesh software and using ABAQUS software to analysis the model, we get the distributional regularities of stress and displacement under two work conditions, and then make improvement to the structure under the results of analysis on the stress.
(3) According to the results of the improved structure, the stress concentration decreased except non-uniform load of telescopic jib, we make discrete size optimization with OPTISTRUCT software and get the desired structure of small size and light weight.
(4) Being dynamic analysis on multifunction high-altitude platform with ADAMS software, we get dynamic executive curve, which provides a reference for working performance of equipment. In order to prevent screw resonance occurred, we need to make sure its natural frequency and mode shape,and further to confirm high safety and reliability.
Keywords high-altitude platform; crane; structural design; finite element analysis; optimization; dynamic analysis
目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 課題研究的背景及意義 1
1.1.1 研究背景 1
1.1.2 研究意義 2
1.2 國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀及存在的問題 3
1.2.1 研究現(xiàn)狀 3
1.2.2 存在問題 5
1.3 本文研究的主要內(nèi)容與結(jié)構(gòu) 6
1.3.1 研究內(nèi)容 6
1.3.2 文章結(jié)構(gòu) 7
1.4 本章小結(jié) 7
第二章 非線性有限元理論和動力學(xué)理論 8
2.1 非線性有限元分析理論 8
2.1.1 非線性有限元的力學(xué)基礎(chǔ) 8
2.1.2 非線性有限元求解方法 11
2.1.3 接觸單元分析理論 13
2.2 動力學(xué)理論 14
2.2.1 多體動力學(xué)的分析思想 14
2.2.2 多剛體系統(tǒng)動力學(xué) 14
2.2.3 多體系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)方程求解 16
2.3 本章小結(jié) 18
第三章 多功能高空作業(yè)平臺的設(shè)計 20
3.1 概述 20
3.2 基本性能參數(shù) 20
3.3 整體方案分析 21
3.4 機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 21
3.4.1 基本結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理 22
3.4.2 起吊機(jī)構(gòu) 22
3.4.3 變幅機(jī)構(gòu) 26
3.4.4 旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu) 27
3.4.5 立柱伸縮機(jī)構(gòu) 28
3.4.6 行走機(jī)構(gòu) 30
3.4.7 安全防護(hù)裝置 31
3.5 電控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 31
3.6 最終結(jié)構(gòu)模型 32
3.7 本章小結(jié) 33
第..