摘 要
船舶主推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)是船舶的動(dòng)力源，它的安全可靠是船舶能夠正常航行的基本保證，也關(guān)系到財(cái)產(chǎn)安全和船員的生命安全，因此，目前對(duì)船舶的主推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)的安全可靠性要求越來越高。需要快速、精確、高效的檢測故障并完成維修管理，而目前傳統(tǒng)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)故障檢修方法已經(jīng)不能滿足可靠性發(fā)展的要求，因此有必要采用先進(jìn)的數(shù)學(xué)方法和計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)融合現(xiàn)場的經(jīng)驗(yàn)積累對(duì)主推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)的可靠性進(jìn)行研究。
本文在探索船舶主推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀及其發(fā)展趨勢的基礎(chǔ)上，介紹了船舶主推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)形式，分析了主推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)各級(jí)子系統(tǒng)常見的故障類型，并對(duì)故障進(jìn)行了影響程度的分級(jí)。結(jié)合可靠性分析的常用方法——故障樹分析方法，對(duì)主推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了可靠性分析，并以傳統(tǒng)故障樹分析為基礎(chǔ)，以大型船用齒輪箱為例，進(jìn)行了故障樹可靠性仿真研究，編制了計(jì)算可靠性指標(biāo)的程序，最后得到單元重要度、單元模式重要度和可靠度等可靠性參數(shù)，運(yùn)用VC++與MATLAB混合編程技術(shù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)可靠度曲線的模擬輸出。
在對(duì)主推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)的維修決策方法研究中，重點(diǎn)介紹了各種維修方式，并對(duì)常用的決策模型進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的闡述，著重介紹了灰色聚類決策方法在船舶主推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)的健康狀態(tài)評(píng)估上的應(yīng)用，重點(diǎn)運(yùn)用層次分析決策方法對(duì)主推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)的裝置進(jìn)行維修決策的研究，以此算法為基礎(chǔ)，建立了主機(jī)曲軸維修的多屬性決策的模型，確立了相應(yīng)的評(píng)價(jià)準(zhǔn)則，最后確定了最佳維修方式。
最后，本文開發(fā)了船舶主推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)的故障分析及維修決策的原型系統(tǒng)，通過該系統(tǒng)，可以很容易的得到主推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)零部件信息，并進(jìn)行對(duì)主要零部件的重要度分析，確定零部件對(duì)系統(tǒng)的重要程度；通過FMEA分析模塊，可以建立主推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)零部件的故障信息庫，以便對(duì)各種可能故障現(xiàn)象的深入分析，進(jìn)一步提高零部件的可靠度；而系統(tǒng)的維修信息模塊，可以保證在零部件使用期限內(nèi)的監(jiān)控，對(duì)零部件壽命周期預(yù)測提供了很好的參考；最后的維修決策模塊，則提供給了設(shè)備管理人員一定程度的決策支持，達(dá)到成本與效益的兼顧。

關(guān)鍵詞 主推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)；可靠性；故障；維修；決策方法


Abstract
The ship propulsion system is the power source of the whole ship. The security and reliability of the ship is the basic guarantee of ship which can make ship voyage normally, it also relates to safety of property and life safety of crew. So, the demand of the safety and reliability of ship main propulsion is higher and higher. We should detect fault quickly, precisely and efficiently, and finish the maintenance management, but the traditional ways of fault maintenance have not satisfied the requirements of reliability development, so, it is necessary to use advance mathematical method and computer technology associate with experience to research the main propulsion system.
In this paper, base on the research of home and abroad, and development trend of the ship main propulsion system, introduces the basic structure of main propulsion of ship, analyzes the subsystem’s common fault of main propulsion, and grades the fault influence. Associates with common methods of reliability analysis—fault tree analysis, to analyzes the reliability of main propulsion device, and bases on the traditional fault tree analysis, examples the ship gear box, to research the fault tree reliability simulation, programming the calculation of reliability index, at the end, we get the unit importance, mode importance and reliability parameters, using VC++ and MATLAB mixing programming technology, realizes the analog output of reliability curve.
At the research of maintenance decision of main propulsion system, focusing on the various maintenance method, and details the common decision-mode, and introduces the gray clustering decision-making methods using in the health status assessment of the ship’s main propulsion, in the end, chooses AHP as the main decision-mode of main prolusion, establishes the multiple attribute decision-mode and eva luation standard, to analyze the maintenance-decision of crankshaft, Finally, determines the best maintenance method.
Finally, in this paper, I have developed prototype system which is fault analysis and maintenance-decision of ship main propulsion device; we can gain some information of some parts from this prototype system, and analyze the importance of main parts of the device to get the importance degree of parts. In the FMEA module, we can establish fault information database of main propulsion system’s parts, so as to further analysis of the possible fault phenomenon, and enhance the reliability of parts. In the maintenance information module, can assure the monitoring of parts in lifetime; give a reference of life cycle forecasting of new parts. In the maintenance-decision module, provide with some degree of decision support to equipment management, to achieve both the cost and benefit.
Keywords main propulsion system；reliability；fault；maintenance；decision method



目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract III
第1章 緒論 1
1.1選題的背景及意義 1
1.2船舶可靠性的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 2
1.3 船舶主推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)故障維修國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢 3
1.4 本文的主要研究內(nèi)容及章節(jié)安排 4
1.4.1 論文研究內(nèi)容 4
1.4.2 章節(jié)安排 5
1.5 本章小結(jié) 6
第2章 船舶主推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)的可靠性分析 7
2.1 主推進(jìn)裝置的簡介 7
2.1.1 船舶主推進(jìn)裝置的組成 7
2.1.2 船舶推進(jìn)裝置的傳動(dòng)方式 7
2.2 船舶主推進(jìn)..