摘 要
船用螺旋槳是船舶動力系統(tǒng)的核心部件，其設計與制造精度的高低直接影響了船舶推進性能的好壞。由于螺旋槳是復雜的自由曲面零件，其設計與制造難度較高。傳統(tǒng)的螺旋槳設計制造方法落后，既費時費力，精度又難以保證。隨著數(shù)控加工技術(shù)的發(fā)展，螺旋槳逐漸采用數(shù)控機床來加工，由于葉片曲面手工編程難度較大、編程周期較長，嚴重影響了螺旋槳的加工效率，螺旋槳的自動編程技術(shù)顯得尤為重要。
目前，國內(nèi)螺旋槳制造企業(yè)的數(shù)控編程方法相對比較落后，雖然某些企業(yè)已經(jīng)引進了通用的CAD/CAM軟件，但是由于編程操作繁瑣復雜、對編程人員經(jīng)驗要求高、重復性勞動多等問題，尚未在螺旋槳的數(shù)控編程中發(fā)揮重要作用。如果引進國外專用的螺旋槳CAD/CAM軟件，價格又極其昂貴，令很多廠家難以承受。
為了解決以上問題，對螺旋槳的設計方法、工藝規(guī)劃以及數(shù)控加工等方面的內(nèi)容進行了研究，并且在此基礎上開發(fā)了船用螺旋槳的CAD/CAM系統(tǒng)，課題主要研究內(nèi)容與成果如下：
（1）研究螺旋槳的分類方法，根據(jù)螺旋槳的圖譜設計方法，歸納總結(jié)出各類螺旋槳的設計尺寸表（包括螺旋槳的槳葉輪廓尺寸表和槳葉切面尺寸表），將這些數(shù)據(jù)存入數(shù)據(jù)庫，為螺旋槳的CAD系統(tǒng)提供必要的數(shù)據(jù)支撐。
（2）分析研究各類螺旋槳的結(jié)構(gòu)特征，結(jié)合自由曲面的造型原理，得出螺旋槳的造型方法以及各類螺旋槳造型的異同點，在此基礎上研究螺旋槳的參數(shù)化建模技術(shù)，以VC++和UG/Open Grip為工具開發(fā)了螺旋槳的型值點計算模塊和圖形生成模塊，實現(xiàn)了螺旋槳的參數(shù)化建模。
（3）將知識工程技術(shù)應用到螺旋槳的數(shù)控編程中，歸納總結(jié)各類螺旋槳的數(shù)控加工工藝，形成廣義知識庫（包括工藝知識庫、刀具庫、切削參數(shù)庫、機床及后處理庫和模板庫），在此基礎上建立加工知識模板，為實現(xiàn)螺旋槳的智能編程系統(tǒng)提供必要的數(shù)據(jù)支撐。利用UG/Open、VC++6.0等工具開發(fā)了基于UG的螺旋槳智能數(shù)控編程系統(tǒng)，并通過螺旋槳的數(shù)控編程實例驗證了上述研究成果的有效性。
（4）最后以VERICUT軟件為平臺構(gòu)建了船用螺旋槳的整個加工工藝系統(tǒng)，通過加工仿真驗證了數(shù)控程序的準確性。

關(guān)鍵詞：船用螺旋槳；參數(shù)化建模；知識工程；智能編程；仿真驗證


Abstract
Marine propeller is the core component of marine power system, its precision of design and manufacture directly influences the performance of ship. As propeller is a kind of complex freeform surface part, the difficulty of its design and manufacture is high. Traditional method of design and manufacture is backward, it’s time-consuming, and the accuracy is hard to guarantee. As the development of NC machining technology, it gradually uses NC machine tool to process propeller. Because manual programming of blade surface is more difficult, the cycle of programming is longer, and it seriously affects the processing efficiency of propeller, auto-programming of propeller is particularly important.
Nowadays NC programming method of domestic propeller manufacturing enterprises is relatively backward, although some enterprises have imported common CAD/CAM software, it has not yet played an important role in NC programming of propeller due to complicated programming operation, demanding programmer’s experience and repetitive work,. If importing foreign special CAD/CAM software of propeller, the price is extremely expensive, and many companies are hard to undertake.
In order to solve the problem above, the design method of propeller, process planning, CNC machining and other aspects have been studied. And on this basis, CAD/CAM system of marine propeller has been developed. Main research content and achievement of this paper are as follows:
(1) Research the classification method of propeller, according to map design method of propeller, conclude and summarize design size table of all kinds of propeller (including blade profile size table and blade section size table), put all the data into the database, and it provides necessary data support for CAD system of propeller.
(2) Analysis structural feature of all kinds of propeller, combined with the modeling principle of free-form surface, and come to the modeling method of propeller and similarities and differences of all kinds of propeller modeling. On this basis, study parametric modeling technology, and take VC++and UG/Open Grip as tools to develop data point calculation module and drawing generation module, eventually realize parametric modeling of propeller.
(3) Apply knowledge based engineering technology into the process of NC programming, summarizes the NC machining technology of all kinds of propeller, and form general knowledge base (including process knowledge base library, tool library, cutting parameter library, machine and post-processing library and template library). On this basis, build machining knowledge template, this provide necessary data support for intelligent programming of propeller. Take UG/Open and VC++6.0 as tools to develop intelligent NC programming system of propeller, in the end verify the research result by NC programming of the propeller example.
(4) At last construct the whole machining process system based on the platform of VERICUT, and verify the accuracy of NC programming by machining simulation.

Key words: Marine Propeller; Parametric Modeling; KBE; Intelligent Programming; Simulation
目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract III
第1章 緒論 1-b..