摘要

水力旋流器利用離心力場進行高效旋流分離，優(yōu)于重力分離設備，其內(nèi)部流場相當復雜且多變，其流場在極短的時間內(nèi)，經(jīng)歷了由切向入口管的一維流動至沿分離器內(nèi)壁的三維強旋轉(zhuǎn)流動的迅速轉(zhuǎn)變，這使得旋流器的流場數(shù)值模擬和實驗測量變得復雜。本文采用了FLUENT軟件中的雷諾應力模型(RSM)，對旋流器內(nèi)部的這種復雜湍流運動進行了數(shù)值模擬分析，利用分塊網(wǎng)格技術(shù)對模型進行了六面體網(wǎng)格劃分，對旋流器內(nèi)單相流動進行了數(shù)值模擬計算，根據(jù)計算結(jié)果分析了旋流器內(nèi)三維速度分布規(guī)律，得到了旋流器內(nèi)不同截面的壓力、速度分布，并對水力旋流器內(nèi)不同直徑的顆粒所形成的多相流流場隨時間變化的分離過程進行了三維數(shù)值模擬，得到了旋流器內(nèi)直徑不同的顆粒在旋流分離時追隨性的分布狀況。數(shù)值計算的結(jié)果與前人的實驗及理論結(jié)果相互印證，并對旋流器的進一步研究具有指導意義。

本文對于油污水分離所用的旋流器還進行了不同結(jié)構(gòu)形式對比研究，分別進行了雙切向入口型、雙錐段型及細長錐型的模擬分析，分析結(jié)果表明，雙細長錐型旋流器對于密度差異不大的油水兩相分離時，其分離效果要優(yōu)于其他兩種結(jié)構(gòu)形式，同時，雙切向入口型的旋流器內(nèi)流場的穩(wěn)定性及對稱性最好。不同結(jié)構(gòu)形式的旋流場具有雙螺旋結(jié)構(gòu)特征，旋流器內(nèi)部的壓力損失主要是集中在溢流管下端附近區(qū)域內(nèi)，為了提高分離效率減少湍流，可采用對稱雙切向入口結(jié)構(gòu)以減小循環(huán)流和短路流，對減小能量損耗具有較強的實際意義。

對固液分離型旋流器搭建了實驗模擬系統(tǒng)，設計了實驗方案，為進一步確定旋流器操作參數(shù)的最佳配比提供依據(jù)，同時對新型旋流器的開發(fā)及實驗研究具有實際意義。




關(guān)鍵詞：水力旋流器， 雷諾應力模型， 兩相流， 細長錐型


 


 


 


 


 

Abstract

Hydrocyclones use centrifugal force field for efficient cyclone separation, it is better than gravity separation equipment. Its internal flow field very complex and varied, the flow field can be turned to along the inner wall of separation between the three-dimensional flow and strong rapid changes in rotation from the tangential inlet of the one-dimensional flow in a very short period of time, which makes the cyclone flow field numerical simulation and experimental measurement becoming more complex. In this paper, by use of FLUENT software and the Reynolds Stress Model (RSM), on the cyclone internal turbulence of this complexity a numerical simulation analysis, by use of sub-block grid on the model of the hexahedral mesh of the cyclone single-phase flow inside a numerical simulation, according to the calculation results of the cyclone, analyzed the three-dimensional velocity distribution, obtained within the different sections of the cyclone pressure, velocity, and different diameter of particles changes with time separation process in the multiphase flow field. Three-dimensional numerical simulation results show the different diameter of the particles follow characteristic distribution in cyclone. Numerical results with the experimental and theoretical results are the same, also are instructive to further study of cyclone.

Comparative study of different structural forms in oil-water separator for cyclone, included the dual tangential inlet type, double cone type and slender tapered type.The results show that when the density is insignificant for the oil-water two-phase ,slender tapered cyclone separation efficiency is better than the other two structural forms.meanwhile, the dual tangential inlet cyclone-type flow field stability and symmetry is the best.Different structural forms of cyclone field with double-helix structure, pressure loss inside the cyclone is mainly concentrated in the area near the bottom of the overflow pipe, in order to improve the separation efficiency and reduce turbulence, symmetrical double tangential inlet structure can be used to reduce the cycle flow and short circuit flow, which has a strong practical significance to reduced the energy loss.

In order to study the solid-liquid separation in cyclone, an experimental simulation system is built and also designed experimental program, for determine the cyclone operating parameters provide the basis for the best ratio, which has practical significance to study the new type hydrocyclone.




Keywords: hydrocyclone, Reynolds stress model, two-phase flow, slender cone




 

目錄

摘要……………………………………………………………………………………………………I

Abstract ………………………………………………………………………………………………

第一章  緒論 ……………………………………………………………………………1

1.1研究背景……………………………………………………………………………………1

1.2水力旋流器的基本結(jié)構(gòu)及分離原理…..………………………………………………2

1.2.1水力旋流器的基本結(jié)構(gòu)……………………………………………………….2

1.2.2水力旋流器的分離原理……………………………………………………… 3

1.3水力旋流器的優(yōu)缺點……………………………………………………………………4

1.4國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀………………………………………………………………………… 4

1.5本課題的研究內(nèi)容…………………………………………..