摘 要
海洋資源開發(fā)和利用成為世界的焦點，然而我國油氣資源開發(fā)還很落后。如今，海洋工程已經(jīng)被納入十二五規(guī)劃，努力發(fā)展海洋資源開發(fā)裝備是推動海洋工程發(fā)展的必然途徑。半潛式鉆井平臺是目前世界上最先進的一種海洋平臺，它是深海資源開采的重要工具。海洋鉆井監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)是海上安全作業(yè)和高效率作業(yè)的保證。傳統(tǒng)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)由于設(shè)備和系統(tǒng)的通訊問題，往往過于分散，只局限在某個設(shè)備或小的系統(tǒng)。隨著科技的發(fā)展和鉆井復雜度提高，迫切地需要大范圍信息共享，實現(xiàn)鉆井綜合監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)。
OLE (Object Linking and Embedding)提供了一套方法，將不同的應用軟件、不同操作系統(tǒng)中的應用對象組合成一個強大新應用，可以使得一個應用程序正確地使用另一個程序的服務。OPC(OLE for Process Control)是基于COM技術(shù)的一種工業(yè)標準，引入了對象鏈接和嵌入技術(shù)，提供了統(tǒng)一的數(shù)據(jù)訪問機制。應用程序可以以統(tǒng)一的方式去訪問數(shù)據(jù)源，與數(shù)據(jù)源的存在形式無關(guān)，實現(xiàn)了底層設(shè)備與過程管理的信息交互，增加了軟件透明性。
本文以半潛式鉆井平臺動力定位為對象，應用OPC技術(shù)實現(xiàn)半潛式海洋鉆井平臺動力定位綜合監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)。主要完成的工作有：
(1) 動力定位系統(tǒng)工作機理與設(shè)備參數(shù)分析研究。
(2) 異構(gòu)網(wǎng)絡信息系統(tǒng)集成問題研究。
(3) OPC技術(shù)應用研究。
(4) 半潛式鉆井平臺動力定位監(jiān)控軟件的設(shè)計與實現(xiàn)。
(5) 監(jiān)控軟件的功能測試。
基于OPC技術(shù)鉆井平臺動力定位監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)對數(shù)據(jù)訪問接口進行統(tǒng)一，使原來分散的設(shè)備和系統(tǒng)在統(tǒng)一的平臺下監(jiān)視和操作，實現(xiàn)了信息的集成和共享，保證了整個動力定位系統(tǒng)的安全性、可靠性和可維護性，在一定程度上提高了鉆井平臺的管理水平和自動化程度。

關(guān)鍵詞 半潛式鉆井平臺；動力定位；集成系統(tǒng)；OPC；COM/DCOM
Abstract
Utilization and exploitation of marine resources become the world focus. However, exploitation of oil and gas resources in China is still lagging behind. Today, ocean engineering has been included in 12th Five-year Plan. Striving to develop the marine equipments is becoming the inevitable way to promote the ocean engineering. Semi-submersible drilling platform is one of most advanced offshore platforms in the world. It is an important tool of deep-sea resources exploitation. Offshore drilling monitoring system ensures security and efficiency of maritime operations. Because of equipment or system communication problems, traditional monitoring systems are often too scattered and confined in a small system or equipment. With the development of technology and increased complexity of drilling, it urgently needs a wide range of information sharing to realize integrated monitoring system of drilling.
OLE not only provides a method to combine objects in different applications and different operating system into a powerful new application but also makes a program use another program service correctly. OPC (OLE for Process Control) is an industry standard based on COM technology. It not only introduces the object linking and embedding technology, but also provides a uniform data access mechanism. Applications access the data source in a uniform way and have nothing to do with the existence forms. It achieves the information exchange between basic equipment and process managements. Furthermore, it also increases software transparency.
Taking dynamic positioning of semi-submersible drilling platform as object, the paper presents that application of OPC technology realizes integrated monitoring system of dynamic positioning in semi-submersible offshore drilling platform. The major work completed as follows:
(1)Analyze and study not only working mechanism of dynamic positioning system but also device parameters.
(2)Research information systems integration of heterogeneous network.
(3)Study application of OPC technology.
(4)Design and implement monitoring software of dynamic positioning in semi-submersible drilling platform.
(5)Test monitoring software function.
The monitoring system of dynamic positioning based on OPC technology unifies data access interfaces. Then, original distributed equipments and systems are monitored and operated on a unified platform to achieve the integration and sharing of information. So the safety, reliability and maintainability of dynamic positioning system are ensured. The automacity and management level of the drilling platform are improved to some extent.

Keywords semi-submersible drilling platform; dynamic positioning; system integration; OPC; COM/DCOM

目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract III
第1章 緒 論 1
1.1 課題研究背景 1
1.2 鉆井平臺監(jiān)控現(xiàn)狀、發(fā)展趨勢和意義 2
1.2.1 鉆井平臺監(jiān)控現(xiàn)狀 2
1.2.2 鉆井平臺監(jiān)控發(fā)展趨勢 3
1.2.3 鉆井平臺監(jiān)控意義 3
1.3 OPC技術(shù)背景 4
1.3.1 OPC技術(shù)的提出 4
1.3.2 OPC國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 4
1.4 主要研究內(nèi)容與文章結(jié)構(gòu) 5
1.4.1 主要研究內(nèi)容 5
1.4.2 文章結(jié)構(gòu) 5
第2章 工業(yè)控制網(wǎng)絡信息集成技術(shù) 7
2.1 控制網(wǎng)絡的發(fā)展 7
2.1.1 集散控制網(wǎng)絡 7
2.1.2 現(xiàn)場總線控制網(wǎng)絡 8
2.1.3 以太網(wǎng)控制網(wǎng)絡 9
2.2 控制網(wǎng)絡與信息網(wǎng)絡的集成 9
2.2.1 控制網(wǎng)絡與信息網(wǎng)絡的區(qū)別 9
2.2.2 控制網(wǎng)絡與信息網(wǎng)絡的集成方法 10
2.2.3 幾種集成方法的比較 14
2.3 本章小結(jié) 14
第3章 OPC技術(shù) 15
3.1 OPC技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)-COM/DCOM 15
3.1.1 組件技術(shù) 15
3.1.2 面向?qū)ο蟮慕M件..