摘 要
電力系統(tǒng)的智能化發(fā)展方向為分布式電源的大量并網(wǎng)運行提供了一個重要的機遇。在分布式電源并網(wǎng)后，分布式電源與主網(wǎng)會相互產(chǎn)生影響，導致許多原先沒有出現(xiàn)過的問題出現(xiàn)。比如主網(wǎng)電壓出現(xiàn)偏高或偏低時，對分布式電源的設備就會造成一定的威脅。再者在主網(wǎng)出現(xiàn)短路故障后，分布式電源如不及時切除，就造成孤島現(xiàn)象，從而造成嚴重的后果。國內(nèi)外學者把研究重點大都放在配電網(wǎng)方面，而較多的忽略了將分布式電源與配電網(wǎng)作為一個系統(tǒng)進行保護。
本文針對以上的情況，通過對分布式電源并網(wǎng)后的功能需求的研究，開發(fā)出一套針對分布式電源并網(wǎng)的監(jiān)控保護裝置，一方面作為分布式電源和主網(wǎng)的監(jiān)測設備，將采集和計算得到的數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送至主站SCADA(數(shù)據(jù)采集與監(jiān)視控制系統(tǒng))系統(tǒng)供調(diào)度人員查閱，另一方面將分布式電源線路與其所在的配電網(wǎng)作為一個系統(tǒng)進行保護。主要工作在于分析了分布式電源接入到主網(wǎng)后，對主網(wǎng)電流保護和自動重合閘方面所造成的影響；詳細地介紹了硬件設備的設計方案和設計過程，給出了詳細的電路圖和結構圖；針對不同種類的分布式電源，分析其并網(wǎng)的技術要求，根據(jù)相應的要求給出系統(tǒng)保護和元件保護的保護判據(jù)和邏輯圖；結合硬件功能和保護需求分析，給出了軟件設計的整體思路和框架；建立了電力配電網(wǎng)模型，將分布式電源通過并網(wǎng)點并入配電網(wǎng)，驗證了保護判據(jù)的可靠性。

關鍵詞　分布式電源；硬件設計；繼電保護；配電網(wǎng)
Abstract
The direction for the intelligent development of the power system provides a large number of parallel operations of the distributed power with an important opportunity. After the distributed power paralleled with the main power grid, it will have an mutual impact with the main power grid, leading to appear many problems that previously there have been no. For example, the grid voltage is high or low, which will cause a threat to the equipment of the distributed power. Furthermore, after that there is a short-circuit fault in the power grid, if the distributed power will not been promptly removed, it will cause an isolated island phenomenon, resulting in serious consequences. Domestic and foreign scholars almost focus the research priorities on the distribution network, and neglect to protect the system combined with the distributed power and the with distribution network.
For the above situation, through the research about the functional requirements after the distributed power paralleled with the main power grid, the author has developed a set of monitoring and protecting device for the distributed power paralleled. On the one hand, as a monitoring device for the distributed power and network, it will send the collected and calculated data to the SCADA system to inspect. On the other hand, it will take distributed power lines and its distribution network as a system to protect. The main work is to analyze the impact on the circuit protection of the main power grid and automatic repeat off, after the distributed power paralleled with the main power grid. The paper introduces the design methods and process of the hardware in details, and which supplies the detailed circuit diagrams and structure charts. For the different kinds of the distributed power, it analyzes the technical requirements, and gives the protection criteria and logic diagram of the system protection and component protection according to corresponding requirements. Combined with the hardware function and the analysis of protection requirements, it gives the whole idea and frame of the software design. And it establishes the electricity distribution network model, and incorporated the distributed power into the distribution network through the network node, which verifies the reliability of the protection criteria.

Key Words Distributed power; Hardware design; Relay-protection; distribution network
目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 課題研究背景及意義 1
1.1.1 課題研究背景 1
1.1.2 選擇課題依據(jù) 2
1.2 國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 2
1.2.1國內(nèi)外分布式發(fā)電應用現(xiàn)狀 2
1.2.2國內(nèi)外分布式電源接入電網(wǎng)繼電保護研究現(xiàn)狀 3
1.3 本文主要研究工作及各章內(nèi)容 4
第2章 分布式電源的引入對配電網(wǎng)保護的影響 6
2.1 配電網(wǎng)的繼電保護 6
2.1.1 配電網(wǎng)繼電保護概述 6
2.1.2 配電網(wǎng)電流保護及自動重合閘裝置 6
2.2分布式電源對電流保護的影響 8
2.2.1對位于分布式電源下游的電流保護分析 8
2.2.2對位于分布式電源上游的電流保護分析 8
2.3 分布式電源對自動重合閘的影響 10
2.4 本章小結 10
第3章 基于ARM多處理器的分布式電源監(jiān)控保護裝置硬件設計 12
3.1 裝置的總體設計 12
3.1.1 裝置的功能及原理 12
3.1.2 裝置的硬件基本結構 12
3.2 CPU簡介 13
3.2.1 LPC3250簡介 13
3.2.2 LPC2468簡介 14
3.3主CPU插件的設計 15
3.3.1 存儲器的擴展 15
3.3.2 通信接口的設計 18
3.3.3 外部復位電路的設計 21
3.3.4 電源電路的設計 22
3.3.5 遙信和遙控電路的設計 23
3.3.6 繪制主CPU插件PCB圖的注意事項 24
3.4 模擬量輸入插件的設計 25
3.4.1 模擬量輸入插件的結構設計 25
3.4.2 模擬量輸入插件互感器的選用 26
3.4.3模擬量輸入插件電路設計 26
3.4.4繪制模擬量輸入插件PCB圖注意事項 29
3.5 遙信插件的設計 29
3.6 遙控插件的設計 31
3.6.1遙控插件的功能 31
3.6.2 遙控輸出回路的原理 31
3.7 電源插件的設計 32
3.8 本章小結 33
第4章 分布式電源保護邏輯的研究及軟件設..