摘 要
目前，海洋工程技術(shù)和裝備已被開發(fā)，海洋鉆井平臺作為海洋油氣資源開發(fā)的生產(chǎn)基地，配置可靠、安全的監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)對鉆井平臺有著重要的意義。
本文以第六代半潛式鉆井海洋平臺為研究對象，根據(jù)平臺中設(shè)備配置情況以及自動化監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的要求，利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)、數(shù)據(jù)庫、軟件等技術(shù)設(shè)計了集成監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)和系統(tǒng)功能，并實現(xiàn)了鉆井子系統(tǒng)的監(jiān)控功能。該系統(tǒng)具有適應(yīng)性廣、組合方便等特點。主要完成的工作有：
(1) 深入研究了半潛式鉆井平臺鉆井系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)；概括總結(jié)了海洋鉆井平臺中鉆井子系統(tǒng)，動力定位子系統(tǒng)，電力子系統(tǒng)，壓載子系統(tǒng)和緊急關(guān)斷子系統(tǒng)以及各子系統(tǒng)的設(shè)備配置；完成了海洋鉆井平臺集成監(jiān)控的系統(tǒng)功能設(shè)計任務(wù)。
(2) 設(shè)計了分層網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)的集成監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)架；研究了異構(gòu)總線的集成方法，特別是采用了OPC技術(shù)。
(3) 詳細討論了鉆井子系統(tǒng)的主要監(jiān)控參數(shù)；分析了部分監(jiān)測參數(shù)，如大鉤負荷、大鉤高度、鉆壓、鉆頭位置、泵沖；研究了故障報警以及綜合判斷的故障信息，如利用大鉤負荷（懸重）、轉(zhuǎn)盤轉(zhuǎn)速、扭矩、立壓、排量和大鉤高度等參數(shù)的變化情況判斷是否卡鉆。
(4) 利用Visual Basic 6.0，iFIX組態(tài)軟件實現(xiàn)了鉆井子系統(tǒng)中監(jiān)控界面模塊、數(shù)據(jù)庫模塊、實時報警模塊、實時曲線和歷史曲線顯示模塊、報表模塊和查詢模塊等功能。
最后，利用實驗室的局域網(wǎng)、模擬數(shù)據(jù)測試了鉆井子系統(tǒng)的監(jiān)控功能。測試結(jié)果表明：設(shè)計完成的監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的可用性。

關(guān)鍵詞 半潛式鉆井平臺；集成監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)；冗余；OPC；iFIX













Abstract
At present, marine engineering technology and equipment have been developed. Offshore drilling platform is the production base to exploit oil and gas resources under the sea. It is significant for drilling platform to be equipped with reliable and safe control system.
This paper takes the sixth generation semi-submersible drilling platform as the research object, based on the equipment configuration and automation control system requirements of the platform, making use of network, database, software and other technology to design the network structure and system functions of the integrated monitoring system, and the realization of the drilling system monitoring function. The system has the characteristics of the wide adaptability and convenient combination. The major work completed as follows:
(1) Studied the structure of the semi-submersible drilling platform drilling system; Summary of drilling system, dynamic positioning system, electric power system, the ballast system and emergency shutdown system in the offshore drilling platform and the device configuration of each subsystem. Completed the system function design task of integrated monitoring in marine drilling platform.
(2) Design the integrated monitoring network architecture of a hierarchical network structure; Study the integration method of the heterogeneous bus, especially using OPC technology.
(3) Discussed in detail the main control parameters of drilling system; Analysis of the monitoring parameters, such as the hook load, hook height, pressure of the drill, bit position, the pump stroke; Study the fault alarm and comprehensive judgment of fault information, such as the use of hook load, rotating speed, torque, vertical pressure, displacement and hook height and other parameters to determine whether the card drill.
(4) Using Visual Basic 6.0, iFIX configuration software to realize the monitoring interface module, database module, alarm module, real-time curve and the historical curve display module, report form module and query module function of the drilling system.
Finally, the use of laboratory LAN, simulation data to test the monitoring function of drilling system. The test results show that: the design of this control system availability.

Key words Semi submersible drilling platform; integrated monitoring system; redundancy; OPC; iFIX

目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract III
第1章 緒 論 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2 鉆井平臺的監(jiān)控現(xiàn)狀 2
1.3 鉆井平臺監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)發(fā)展趨勢 2
1.4 鉆井平臺的監(jiān)控意義 2
1.5 主要研究內(nèi)容與文章結(jié)構(gòu) 3
1.5.1 主要研究內(nèi)容 3
1.5.2 文章結(jié)構(gòu) 4
第2章 海洋平臺集成監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 5
2.1 半潛式鉆井平臺概況 5
2.2 集成監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計要求與功能 6
2.2.1 集成監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的特點 6
2.2.2 設(shè)計要求 7
2.2.3 系統(tǒng)功能 7
2.3 集成監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計思路 11
2.3.1 硬件結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計思路 11
2.3.2軟件結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計思路 11
2.4 本章小結(jié) 13
第3章 海洋平臺集成監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 14
3.1 現(xiàn)場設(shè)備層網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 14
3.1.1 Profibus總線 14
3.1.2 CAN總線 15
3.1.3 海洋平臺中現(xiàn)場設(shè)備的總線 16
3.1.4 異構(gòu)總線的集成 17
3.2 監(jiān)控管理層網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 18
3.2.1 環(huán)形網(wǎng)絡(luò) 18
3.2.2 星型網(wǎng)絡(luò) 19
3.2.3 工業(yè)以太網(wǎng) 20
3.2.4 監(jiān)控管理層網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu) 21
3.3 OPC技術(shù)及其應(yīng)用 22
3.3.1 OPC技術(shù) 22
3.3.2 OPC在監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用 24
3.4 本章小結(jié) 25
第4章 主要監(jiān)控子系統(tǒng)的分析與設(shè)計 26
4.1 鉆井子系統(tǒng) 26
4.1.1 鉆井子系統(tǒng)概況 26
4.1.2 鉆井子系統(tǒng)設(shè)備配置 26
4.1.3 主要監(jiān)控參數(shù)分析 28
4.1.4鉆井子系統(tǒng)報警信息與綜合故障分析 34
4.1.5 鉆井監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 35
4.2 動力定位子系統(tǒng) 36
4.2.1 動力定位子系統(tǒng)概況 36
4.2.2 動力定位子系統(tǒng)設(shè)備配置 37
4.2.3 主要監(jiān)控參數(shù) 38
4.3 電力子系統(tǒng) 40
4.3.1 電力子系統(tǒng)概..