簡(jiǎn)易數(shù)字存儲(chǔ)示波器

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摘 要

本文提供了一種簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)用的數(shù)字存儲(chǔ)示波器的設(shè)計(jì)方案。該設(shè)計(jì)主要由四個(gè)模塊電路組成：前端信號(hào)處理模塊、數(shù)據(jù)的采集與存儲(chǔ)模塊、鍵盤(pán)輸入控制模塊、單片機(jī)控制模塊與LCD顯示模塊。采樣率可達(dá)1M，并具有數(shù)據(jù)的采集、顯示菜單、單次觸發(fā)、存儲(chǔ)顯示等功能。數(shù)字存儲(chǔ)示波器是20世紀(jì)70年代初發(fā)展起來(lái)的一種新型示波器。這種類(lèi)型的示波器可以方便地實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)模擬信號(hào)波形進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)期存儲(chǔ)并能利用機(jī)內(nèi)微處理器系統(tǒng)對(duì)存儲(chǔ)信號(hào)做進(jìn)一步的處理，例如對(duì)被測(cè)波形的頻率、幅值、平均值等參數(shù)的自動(dòng)測(cè)量以及多種復(fù)雜的處理。數(shù)字存儲(chǔ)示波器是一種基于計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的新型數(shù)字示波器，其前半部功能是一個(gè)高速數(shù)據(jù)采集與存儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)，后半部是一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)處理與顯示系統(tǒng)。數(shù)字存儲(chǔ)示波器對(duì)波形的取樣和存儲(chǔ)與波形的顯示是可以分離的，而且能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的保存信號(hào)，具有先進(jìn)的觸發(fā)和數(shù)字信號(hào)的輸入/輸出功能。數(shù)字存儲(chǔ)示波器的出現(xiàn)使得傳統(tǒng)示波器的功能發(fā)生了重大變革。

關(guān)鍵詞 示波器，單片機(jī)，可編程邏輯器件，高速AD轉(zhuǎn)換，存儲(chǔ)，數(shù)字，LCD

ABSTRACT

This text provides a kind of in brief practical digital storage oscilloscopes project of machine. The design to main be constitute by an electric circuit of four molds: the head signal processing mold piece, data collect with saving mold piece, keyboard importation control mold piece, a machine control the mold piece and LCD show the mold piece, The sample rate can attain the 1M, and have the data to collect, the manifestation menu, single time trigger, saving manifestation etc. function. The digital storage oscilloscopes develop at the beginning of 70’s in 20 centuries a kind of new show a machine. This kind of type show a machine and can carry out expediently to imitate a form of signal to carry on lone-term saving can make use of the microprocessor system inside the machine also to saving the signal do into-the processing that tread, for example to is measure a frequency of form, value, in front and back follow time, average value etc. automatic diagraph and various complicated processingses of the parameter. The digital storage oscilloscopes make the tradition show a function of machine to take place the graveness change.The digital storage oscilloscopes is a kind of oscilloscopes according to the technical new numeral of calculator, its first half department is one piece according to the processing and the manifestation systems. The digital storage oscilloscopes to the sampling of a form and saving with the manifestation of a form is to separate of, and can keep the signal with long hours, having the forerunner of trigger and the input/output function of the numerical signal.

Keywords : Oscilloscopes，Chipmicrocomputer,CPLD,High-speed AD conversion， Storage，Digital，LCD

目 錄

第1章 緒論………………………………………………………………… 1
1.1 工作原理………………………………………………………………… 1
1.2 實(shí)時(shí)取樣方式的采集原理………………………………………………………2
1.3 取樣與A/D轉(zhuǎn)換………………………………………………………………… 2
第2章 理論分析與計(jì)算…………………………………………………………3
2.1 要求…………………………………………………………………………… 3
第3章 方案選擇與設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………………………………4
3.1 方案選擇………………………………………………………………………4
3.1.1 總體方案比較……………………………………………………………4
3.1.2 信號(hào)處理…………………………………………………………………6
3.1.3 觸發(fā)電路…………………………………………………………………6
3.1.4 取樣方式的選擇…………………………………………………………6
3.1.5 A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器的選擇………………………………………………………6
3.1.6 存儲(chǔ)器的選擇……………………………………………………………7
3.1.7 控制部分…………………………………………………………………7
3.2 總體設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………………………………8
3.3 詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………………………………9
3.3.1 單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)…………………………………………………………………9
3.3.2 A/D轉(zhuǎn)換……………………………………………………………………13
3.3.3 采樣與存儲(chǔ)控制電路的設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………13
3.3.4 波形顯示……………………………………………………………………14
第4章 軟件控制設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………………………16
4.1 單片機(jī)程序設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………………………………………16
4.2 CPLD程序設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………………………………………19
第5章 系統(tǒng)性能測(cè)試………………………………………………………………22
第6章 結(jié)論……………………………………………………………………………25
6.1 小結(jié)………………………………………………………………………………25
6.2 測(cè)試結(jié)論…………………………………………………………………………25
文獻(xiàn)綜述……………………………………………………………………………27
參考文獻(xiàn)…………………………………………………………………………….29
致謝……………………………………………………………………………………30
附錄1…………………………………………………………………………………31
附錄2……………………………………………………………………………………35
附錄3……………………………………………………………………………………44