交通燈定時控制系統(tǒng)

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摘 要

根據(jù)8051單片機的特點及交通燈在實際控制中的特點，本文提出一種用單片機自動控制交通燈及時間顯示的方法。同時給出了軟硬件設(shè)計方法,設(shè)計過程包括硬件電路設(shè)計和程序設(shè)計兩大步驟，對在單片機應(yīng)用中可能遇到的重要技術(shù)問題都有涉足。本文對十字路口狀態(tài)預(yù)設(shè)為兩種，一種是正常狀態(tài)，另一種是故障或緊急狀態(tài)，并分別用黃、紅、綠色燈的不同組合來表示。本文介紹了控制基本原理以及控制的表現(xiàn)，同時也介紹了城市交通信息系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計目標(biāo), 開發(fā)途徑及其系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)與功能和數(shù)據(jù)地理編碼、建庫, 同時, 論述了系統(tǒng)中交通現(xiàn)狀、交通管理、交通規(guī)劃及背景信息查詢模塊的建造及應(yīng)用。介紹了用于城市交叉路口的三色程控交通信號時間顯示器的研制方案，對其電源供電、發(fā)光二極管構(gòu)成的負(fù)載結(jié)構(gòu)、燈色時間檢測都給出了精巧合理的優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)，大幅度地提高了產(chǎn)品可靠性并降低了制造成本。

關(guān)鍵詞：8051單片機；交通燈；自動控制；時間顯示器；軟件；硬件；定時器；延時；外部中斷

Abstract

According to the feature of SCM8051 and the characteristics of traffic lights in real control,the article puts forward the method of using sigle-chip microcomputer to control automatically the traffic signal lights and time-show.The method of realization of hardware has also been given,the whole process included hardware circuit designing and program designing,in which some important technique problem that may meet during the use of Singlechip involved.In this paper，the state of crossing was designed as two states.One is normal,another breackdown or urgent,which are expressed with different colour lamp named yellow、red and green.The basic principle and method of controlling are introduced.In this paper, the design goals, development ways, system structure, system functions, geographic codes and data base of the Urban Traffic Information System (U T IS) were presented. Furthermore, the development and the application tests of the traffic situation model, the
traffic management model, the traffic plan model and the background information inquirement model of U T IS were discussed.This paper introduces the development scheme of three-colour programmable traffic signal time indicator used in the level-crossing of our city,and gives its power supply,load construction made by LED and time detection of traffic lamp colour a reasonable optimize structure.The reliability of Product is substantially
improved while the cost is reduced.

Key Words:SCM8051；traffic lights；automatic control；time indicator；hardwore；softwore timer；delay；external interrupt