不同形貌特征的金（銀）納米粒子的制備條件

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摘 要
金-銀雙金屬納米粒子因其在電學(xué)、化學(xué)和光學(xué)等方面具有特殊性能和廣泛應(yīng)用前景引起了人們的廣泛重視。所以對(duì)金-銀復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)納米粒子的制備和研究很有意義。本文將對(duì)具有不同形貌特征的金（銀）納米粒子的制備條件加以討論。實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中以N，N-二甲基甲酰胺作為反應(yīng)的還原劑和反應(yīng)介質(zhì)，商業(yè)化的KH-550作為 金（銀）納米微粒的表面修飾劑，氯金酸、硝酸銀作為反應(yīng)原料，利用化學(xué)合成的方法制備金-銀復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)納米微粒。由于反應(yīng)溫度不同、反應(yīng)物濃度不同，造成反應(yīng)速度不同，從而導(dǎo)致不同反應(yīng)條件下制備金（銀）納米微粒的所需的時(shí)間范圍不同。通過(guò)多次反復(fù)實(shí)驗(yàn)找出制備金（銀）納米微粒的適宜條件，選擇不同摩爾比合成了金（銀）復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)納米粒子，并觀察不同摩爾比對(duì)反應(yīng)結(jié)果的影響，可以明顯觀察到由于摩爾比不同，制備的樣品顏色有明顯差異。采用紫外-可見(jiàn)吸收光譜儀對(duì)所制備的樣品進(jìn)行了分析測(cè)試，得到的吸收曲線?？偨Y(jié)出溫度、摩爾比和濃度等因素對(duì)生成金（銀）納米微粒形貌的影響規(guī)律，并根據(jù)譜圖曲線初步探討銀納米微粒的生長(zhǎng)機(jī)制。上述的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果為合成金（銀）納米材料的反應(yīng)提供了一定的理論和實(shí)驗(yàn)支持，同時(shí)也為金-銀復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)納米粒子的進(jìn)一步應(yīng)用奠定了較好基礎(chǔ)。

關(guān)鍵詞：金納米粒子；銀納米粒子；紫外-可見(jiàn)吸收光譜；KH-550

Abstract
Gold-silver bimetallic nanoparticles arouse people,s extensive attention because of its electrics,chemistry and optics behavior and extensively application prospect.So it is of great significance to synthesis and research gold-silver composite structural nanoparticles.In this text,we discuss the synthesis conditions of diffeent shaps of gold-silver nanoparticles that synthesized.In this paper, we synthesized gold-silver composite structural nanopaticles by the use of N,N-dimethy formamide as reductant and reaction medium, commercialized KH-550 as surface modificatory agent,HAuCl4,AgNO3 as reactant material, theough chemical synthesis method. Owing to different temperatures, different concentrations of reactent, as well different reaction velocity, so time span of different shaped gold-silver nanoparticles synthesized in different conditions is different. We can reduct spheric gold(silver) nanoparticles by N,N-dimethy formamide. To find out the properest conditions of the reaction through times of repeating experiments. We choose different mole ratio to obtain gold-silver composite structrural nanoparticles, and observe the affection for reaction result of different mole ratio, it can be observed that obvious difference exist in the color of samples prepared owing to different mole ratio .We adopt UV-vis absorption spectra equipment to test the prepared samples, to analyse the obsorption curve, to summerize the affection rule of temperature, mole ratio and concentrations to morphology of produced gold(silver) nanoparticles, and discuss growth mechanism of silver nanoparticles according to the curve. Before-mentioned experiment result provide some theoretical and experimental supports for the synthesis reaction of silver nano-metrial as well lay the foundation of further application for gold(silver) composite structural nanoparticles.

Key words: gold nanoparticles; silver nanoparticles; UV-vis absorption spectra; 3-(aminopropyl)triethyl-oxysilane

目 錄

摘 要 …………………………………………………………………………………….....I
Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………….II
第1章 引言…………………………………………………………………………………...1
1.1 概述 1
1.2 納米粒子的定義……………………………………………………………………..2
1.3 金屬納米材料………………………………………………………………………..2
1.4 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究動(dòng)態(tài)……………………………………………………………………..3
1.5 金屬納米材料的現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展展望…………………………………………………..4
1.5.1 金屬納米材料的現(xiàn)狀分析…………………………………………………….4
1.5.2 金屬納米材料的展望及挑戰(zhàn)………………………………………………….5
1.6 金屬納米薄膜的制備………………………………………………………………..6
1.6.1 物理氣象沉積法……………………………………………………………….6
1.6.2 化學(xué)氣象沉積法……………………………………………………………….9
1.7 銀納米粒子的制備…………………………………………………………………..9
1.8 Au-Ag復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)納米微粒的制備方法…………………………………………….10
第2章 實(shí)驗(yàn)部分…………………………………………………………………………….11
2.1 試劑和藥品…………………………………………………………………………11
2.2 實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器……………………………………………………………………………11
2.3 樣品的合成與制備…………………………………………………………………11
2.3.1 銀納米微粒的合成………………………………………………………….12
2.3.2 金納米微粒的合成………………………………………………………….12
2.3.3 金-銀合金的制備…………………………………………………………...12
2.4 測(cè)試儀器……………………………………………………………………………13
第3章 結(jié)果與討論………………………………………………………………………….14
3.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)原理分析………………………………………………………………………14
3.2 樣品的紫外-可見(jiàn)吸收光譜分析…………………………………………………..15
結(jié)論…………………………………………………………………………………………...29
參 考 文 獻(xiàn)………………………………………………………………………………….30
致 謝……………………………………………………………………………………...31

部分參考文獻(xiàn)

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