車用變速器斜齒輪參數(shù)化建模及接觸應(yīng)力分析
Parametric Model and Analysis of Contact Stress for Helical Gear of Automobile Transmission

摘    要

重型商用車變速器承受的載荷大，一般都采用斜齒輪傳動(dòng)。當(dāng)離合器結(jié)合脫開時(shí)，變速器齒輪傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)承受較大的沖擊載荷，易造成輪齒折斷， 從而影響斜齒輪的工作特性和使用壽命。因此針對(duì)上述問題，需要對(duì)變速器齒輪進(jìn)行參數(shù)化建模及接觸應(yīng)力分析。
本研究要建立全參數(shù)化驅(qū)動(dòng)的斜齒輪三維幾何模型，分析齒輪的靜態(tài)接觸應(yīng)力和動(dòng)態(tài)接觸應(yīng)力，并與靜態(tài)接觸應(yīng)力比較。首先使用UG，根據(jù)一對(duì)斜齒輪的基本參數(shù),生成一對(duì)嚙合的斜齒輪三維模型。然后，導(dǎo)入ANSYS，進(jìn)行其有限元接觸應(yīng)力分析，得出了齒輪應(yīng)力分布網(wǎng)，從而進(jìn)行齒輪強(qiáng)度校核。
根據(jù)單個(gè)齒輪應(yīng)力分布圖看出兩端應(yīng)力明顯大于中間部分，齒輪應(yīng)力在齒向上分布極不均，影響到齒輪傳動(dòng)的承載能力。通過對(duì)齒輪副進(jìn)行靜態(tài)接觸和動(dòng)態(tài)接觸計(jì)算分析可以看出，輪齒在剛嚙人時(shí)，綜合應(yīng)力較大；動(dòng)態(tài)分析模型的應(yīng)力變化與靜態(tài)分析應(yīng)力變化相似，靜態(tài)分析時(shí)齒輪接觸應(yīng)力的變化趨勢(shì)與動(dòng)態(tài)分析時(shí)的變化趨勢(shì)相符；動(dòng)態(tài)分析模型的接觸應(yīng)力值比靜態(tài)分析結(jié)果大，齒輪受動(dòng)態(tài)沖擊影響顯著。

關(guān)鍵詞：車用變速器斜齒輪，參數(shù)化建模，接觸應(yīng)力，動(dòng)態(tài)
 

ABSTRACT

As the loads on the transmission of heavy Commercial vehicle are often very heavy，helical gear transmission is used. When the clutch releases, the gear transmission system of the transmission carries heavy impulsive loads, so it is usually made the teeth broken which effect the working characteristic and using life. Because of these problems above, the gears of transmission need modeling parametrically and analysis of contact stress.
In this research，it is required to build a parametrical helical 3-D model，analysis the contact stress of static and dynamic，and compare. First of all, we should build a pair of meshed helical gears based on the parameter given. Then, import it to ANSYS, and process a finite element contact stress analysis, so a gear contact stress net can be shown to check the gear strength.
Based on gear stress scatter gram, we can know the stress on the side is clearly bigger than it in the middle, and the stress is not regular to influent the ability of gear transmission. According to the analysis of gear pair static contact and dynamic, when the gears get in, the stress is big; The models and change trend of static and dynamic are similar; The contact stress of dynamic is larger than static, so the gear attack is distinct.
 

Keyword: Helical Gear of Automobile Transmission, Parametric Model, Contact Stress, dynamic

目  錄

摘    要 I
ABSTRACT II
1 緒論 1
1.1 課題的目的及意義 1
1.1.1 課題背景及任務(wù)提出 1
1.1.2 課題研究的意義 2
1.1.3 國(guó)內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀分析 2
1.2 課題任務(wù)、重點(diǎn)研究?jī)?nèi)容、實(shí)現(xiàn)途徑 4
1.2.1 課題任務(wù) 4
1.2.2 重點(diǎn)研究?jī)?nèi)容 4
1.2.3 實(shí)現(xiàn)途徑 4
2 斜齒輪的數(shù)學(xué)模型及三維參數(shù)化建模 6
2.1 引言 6
2.2 漸開線齒輪的數(shù)學(xué)建模以及繪制 6
2.2.1 齒輪漸開線 6
2.2.2 漸開線齒輪 7
2.3 斜齒輪的建模 7
2.3.1 表達(dá)式的生成 7
2.3.2 掃掠成型 8
2.3.3 斜齒輪的三維造型 9
2.4 模型的參數(shù)化驅(qū)動(dòng) 13
2.5 結(jié)論 14
3 斜齒輪靜態(tài)接觸應(yīng)力分析 16
3.1 ANSYS軟件介紹 16
3.2 接觸問題分析 16
3.3 網(wǎng)格劃分 17
3.3.1 定義單元屬性 17
3.3.2 劃分有限元網(wǎng)格 19
3.4 定義接觸對(duì) 20
3.5 施加載荷 20
3.6 求解 21
3.7 結(jié)果查看及分析 22
3.8 結(jié)論 25
3.8.1 過程 25
3.8.2 結(jié)論 25
4 斜齒輪的動(dòng)態(tài)接觸應(yīng)力分析 26
4.1 有關(guān)動(dòng)態(tài)分析 26
4.2 ANSYS進(jìn)行斜齒輪接觸應(yīng)力的動(dòng)態(tài)分析步驟 26
4.2.1 運(yùn)行ANSYS 26
4.2.2 定義part 26
4.2.3 設(shè)置加載 27
4.2.4 求解 28
4.3 結(jié)果查看及分析 28
4.4 結(jié)論 36
5 結(jié)論與展望 37
5.1 結(jié)論 37
5.2 展望 37
參考文獻(xiàn) 38