基于單片機(jī)的溫室自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)



目錄

第一章  前  言 1

1.1  溫室控制技術(shù)發(fā)展的背景 1

1.2  國(guó)內(nèi)外溫室控制技術(shù)發(fā)展概況 1

1.3  溫室環(huán)境控制技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 2

1.4  溫室控制系統(tǒng)研制與開發(fā)的意義 3

1.5  溫室控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的內(nèi)容 4

第二章  溫室自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)介紹 5

2.1  單片機(jī)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)原則 5

2.1.1  硬件設(shè)計(jì)的基本原則 5

2.1.2  軟件設(shè)計(jì)的基本原則 5

2.2  溫度傳感器DS18B20 6

2.3  濕度傳感器IH3605 6

2.3.1  IH3605結(jié)構(gòu)及引腳介紹 6

2.3.2  IH3605的電壓輸出特性 6

2.4  其它傳感器 7

2.5  A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器TLC549的主要特點(diǎn) 8

2.6  數(shù)碼管顯示接口電路 9

2.7  鍵盤接口電路 9

2.8  溫室自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)控制原理 10

2.8.1  溫室自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的控制量與控制措施 10

2.8.2  控制原理 11

2.8.3  控制系統(tǒng)特點(diǎn) 11

第三章  溫室自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) 13

3.1  溫室自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的控制方案 13

3.1.1  總體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 13

3.1.2  控制器功能設(shè)計(jì) 14

3.2  P89C54單片機(jī)的外部擴(kuò)展存儲(chǔ)電路 15

3.3  RS232／485接口單元設(shè)計(jì) 16

3.3.1  RS232接口設(shè)計(jì) 16

3.3.2  RS485接口設(shè)計(jì) 17

3.4  執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu) 17

3.5  硬件抗干擾技術(shù) 19

第四章  溫室自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) 20

4.1  上位機(jī)軟件設(shè)計(jì) 21

4.2  下位機(jī)軟件設(shè)計(jì) 21

4.2.1  P89C54的存儲(chǔ)器空間分配 22

4.2.2  主循環(huán)程序模塊 22

4.2.3  串行通信程序模塊 25

4.3  軟件抗干擾技術(shù) 26

4.3.1  指令冗余法 26

4.3.2  軟件陷阱法 26

第五章  系統(tǒng)仿真 29

5.1  系統(tǒng)的硬件調(diào)試 29

5.2  系統(tǒng)的軟件調(diào)試 30

5.3  仿真調(diào)試總結(jié) 30

第六章  結(jié)束語 32

參考文獻(xiàn) 34

致  謝 35

 


摘要：進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)以來，我國(guó)園藝產(chǎn)業(yè)得到迅猛的發(fā)展，以花卉為主的作為觀賞和禮品的植物設(shè)施栽培在大江南北遍地開花，設(shè)施園藝被看作是21世紀(jì)最具活力的新產(chǎn)業(yè)。溫室是觀賞植物栽培生產(chǎn)中必不可少的設(shè)施之一，不同種類觀賞花卉對(duì)溫室的要求也不盡相同。

隨著現(xiàn)代科技的發(fā)展，電子計(jì)算機(jī)已用于控制溫室環(huán)境。控制系統(tǒng)由中央控制裝置、終端控制設(shè)備、傳感器等組成。先編制出溫室花卉各生育階段最適環(huán)境條件的管理程序表，存儲(chǔ)于電子計(jì)算機(jī)的記憶裝置中，電子計(jì)算機(jī)根據(jù)程序表確認(rèn)、修正各棟溫室內(nèi)的參數(shù)，并給終端控制系統(tǒng)指令。終端控制設(shè)備向中央控制裝置輸送檢測(cè)信息，根據(jù)中央控制裝置的指令輸出控制信號(hào)，使電器機(jī)械設(shè)備執(zhí)行動(dòng)作，實(shí)現(xiàn)溫室環(huán)境調(diào)節(jié)。該系統(tǒng)可自動(dòng)控制加熱、降溫、加濕、通風(fēng)。根據(jù)需要，通過鍵盤將信息輸入中央管理室，根據(jù)情況可隨時(shí)調(diào)節(jié)環(huán)境。溫室環(huán)境自動(dòng)化控制系統(tǒng)在大型現(xiàn)代化溫室的利用，是設(shè)施栽培高新技術(shù)的體現(xiàn)。

溫室自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)使用P89C54型單片機(jī)對(duì)溫度控制的基本原理實(shí)例化，設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)實(shí)時(shí)控制花房?jī)?nèi)的溫度的花房溫度控制系統(tǒng)。目的是利用畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的這段時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)一種利用P89C54型單片機(jī)對(duì)花房溫度進(jìn)行控制的方法。

關(guān)鍵字: 單片機(jī)；溫室；溫度；傳感器

 

ABSTRACT: Along with get into over 21st century, the our country half-hardy industry gets a fast fierce development, regard flower as principle of conduct and actions appreciate with the plant facilities of the gift educate in the big river south north to bloom all over the place, facilities horticulture is seen make is the new industry which has vitality most for 21 centuries. Glasshouse is appreciating a plant cultivation to produce medium essential to have of one of the facilities, different category’s appreciating flower’s request to greenhouse also doesn’t exert a homology.

Computers have been used to control the environment of the glasshouse with the further development of computer. Control system is made up of central control system, terminal control equipment and sensors. A management program that contains best conditions for each growing stage should be made first. Then it should be stored in the computer memory. Computer affirms and mod the character for each glasshouse according to the management program, and then send orders to the terminal control equipment. The terminal control equipment sends test information to the central control system, and then sends control signals to make electronic mechanical equipment work by orders from central control system. Finally the control of environment is completed. This system automatically can control heating, cooling, increasing humidity, irrigating, and ventilating. Dependent on needs, information is sent to central control part by keyboard so that the environment can be regulated at any time.The use of glasshouse environment automatic control system in the large modern glasshouse is reflection of high technology in growing.

Greenhouse automatic control system use P89C54 monolithic integra..