基于單片機(jī)的超聲波倒車?yán)走_(dá)的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)
摘 要
隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)飛速發(fā)展，越來越多的人擁有了自己的汽車，同時(shí)由泊車和倒車所引發(fā)的事故也越來越多。這些事故常常給駕駛員帶來許多的麻煩，因此，有助于駕駛員泊車和倒車的倒車?yán)走_(dá)應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。
倒車?yán)走_(dá)全稱叫“倒車防撞雷達(dá)”，也叫“泊車輔助裝置”，是汽車泊車安全輔助裝置，能以聲音或者更為直觀的顯示告知駕駛員周圍障礙物的情況，解除了駕駛員泊車和啟動(dòng)車倆時(shí)前后左右探視所引起的困擾，并幫助駕駛員掃除視野的死角和視線模糊的缺陷。本文介紹了以AT89S52單片機(jī)為核心的一種低成本、高精度、微型化，并有數(shù)字顯示和聲光報(bào)警功能的倒車?yán)走_(dá)系統(tǒng)，該倒車?yán)走_(dá)根據(jù)超聲波測(cè)距原理研制，采用溫度補(bǔ)償技術(shù)、開機(jī)自檢技術(shù)和優(yōu)化的軟硬件技術(shù)，將測(cè)得的結(jié)果送至數(shù)碼管顯示，同時(shí)進(jìn)行三級(jí)聲光報(bào)警。駕駛員只需坐在駕駛室就能做到心里有數(shù)，極大的提高了泊車和倒車時(shí)的安全和效率。
關(guān)鍵詞：倒車?yán)走_(dá)、超聲波、單片機(jī)AT89S52

英語翻譯：
Abstract
With the rapid development of China's economy, more and more people have their own car, while parking and reversing caused by the accident is also increasing. These incidents are often caused a lot of trouble to the driver, therefore, help the driver reverse parking and reversing radar came into being.
Parking sensor full name is "reversing anti-collision radar," also known as "parking aids" is a safe car parking assist device, capable of voice or a more intuitive display of obstacles around the situation told the driver to lift the driver both parking and start the car around, when the problems caused by the visit and to help the driver to remove the dead, and blurred vision defects. This paper introduces the AT89S52 microcontroller as the core of a low-cost, high accuracy, miniaturization, and a digital display and sound and light alarm function parking sensor system, reversing radar, the principle of ultrasonic distance measurement based on the development, use of temperature compensation, the boot self-test hardware and software technology and optimization technology, the measured results sent to the digital display, three levels of sound and light alarm simultaneously. Can do just sitting in the cab driver had an idea greatly improved the parking and reversing the safety and efficiency.

Keywords: reversing radar, ultrasound, MCU AT89S52

目 錄
引 言…………………………………………………………………5
第一章 倒車?yán)走_(dá)工作原理
1.1 單片機(jī)的發(fā)展及其應(yīng)用----------------------------8
1.2 超聲波測(cè)距--------------------------------------9
1.3超聲波測(cè)距原理-----------------------------------11
1.4超聲波倒車?yán)走_(dá)系統(tǒng)工作原理-----------------------12
1.5超聲波倒車?yán)走_(dá)的芯片選擇-------------------------13
1.6 超聲波倒車?yán)走_(dá)的工作原理------------------------15
第二章 系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì)與相應(yīng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì)
2.1倒車語音及報(bào)警電路及控制程序---------------------16
2.2 超聲波發(fā)射電路與接收電路及其距離測(cè)算程序-------17
2.3超聲波檢測(cè)接受電路-------------------------------18
2.4 超聲波測(cè)距儀的算法設(shè)計(jì)--------------------------19
2.5距離計(jì)算程序-------------------------------------19
2.6倒車語音電路和報(bào)警電路及其控制程序-------------------27
2.6.1倒車語音電路----------------------------------28
2.6.2倒車語音及報(bào)警控制程序------------------------29
第三章 主程序
3.1主程序-------------------------------------------31
3.2超聲波發(fā)生子程序和超聲波接收中斷程序------------33
第四章 安裝調(diào)試及分析
4.1 硬件部分----------------------------------------38
4.2 軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)與操作----------------------------------40
第五章 測(cè)距儀改進(jìn)的設(shè)想------------------------------41
第六章 心得體會(huì)與總結(jié)--------------------------------42
第七章 英語翻譯及參考文獻(xiàn)----------------------------44