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數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和數(shù)據(jù)倉(cāng)庫(kù) -------外文翻譯.doc

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數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和數(shù)據(jù)倉(cāng)庫(kù) -------外文翻譯,database and data warehouseswhat is a database?what is a database? a database is a collection of related data items. it is generally stored on secondary storage...
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Database and Data Warehouses
What is a Database?
What is a database? A database is a collection of related data items. It is generally stored on secondary storage devices that allow rapid direct access to individual data items. Redundancy is minimized; where possible, only a single copy if a data item exists. The database may be used by many different application systems at once, eliminating the need for separate systems to maintain the data for each application .When a user program inquires if a particular item is in the database, a database management system (DBMS) does the actual searching. The user does not need to be familiar with the format in which the data is stored or the actual physical location of the data.

數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和數(shù)據(jù)倉(cāng)庫(kù)
什么是數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)?
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)就是相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)的集合。它通常被存儲(chǔ)在輔助存儲(chǔ)器上,這些設(shè)備允許快速直接地訪問(wèn)單個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)。這樣可以做到冗余最小,如果數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)存在的話(huà)那么它只有一個(gè)副本。數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)可被很多不同的應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)使用,因而避免了不同的系統(tǒng)為每一個(gè)應(yīng)用而維護(hù)一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。當(dāng)用戶(hù)程序需要數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的特殊項(xiàng)時(shí),數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)土管理系統(tǒng)(DBMS)做實(shí)際的搜索。用戶(hù)不需要了解數(shù)據(jù)的存儲(chǔ)格式或數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)際物理位置。
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)建立數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)并不斷更新,為授權(quán)用戶(hù)提供方便的訪問(wèn)方法。數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)也提供其它的安全措施以防止非授權(quán)訪問(wèn)。DBMS使用相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)之間關(guān)系的表示非常方便,使用戶(hù)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)變得容易。它們提供備份和恢復(fù)功能以防止重要的信息丟失或被破壞。由系統(tǒng)管理員決定誰(shuí)可以訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)、修改數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)以及增加新的關(guān)系等。這也是非常重要的責(zé)任。數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理員具有對(duì)商業(yè)信息生命線最大的控制權(quán)。數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)真正的問(wèn)題是如何組織信息為用戶(hù)提出的各種可能的問(wèn)題提供快速的答案。以不同方式組織的相同數(shù)據(jù)會(huì)產(chǎn)生非常不同的訪問(wèn)速度。為了表明數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)之間的關(guān)系,通常有三種方法用于建立數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù):關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)、層次數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和網(wǎng)狀數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。