直接交換共享計(jì)算機(jī)資源和服務(wù)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)體系結(jié)構(gòu)

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中文摘要
P2P（Peer To Peer） 以字意理解就是“伙伴對(duì)伙伴”，是目前日益廣泛使用的網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用技術(shù)，或者說(shuō)是一種日益流行的應(yīng)用層組網(wǎng)技術(shù)。它是一種直接交換共享計(jì)算機(jī)資源和服務(wù)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)體系結(jié)構(gòu)。Gnutella作為一種典型的P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信協(xié)議，是沒(méi)有中心的,具有智能發(fā)現(xiàn)節(jié)點(diǎn)、完全分布式的特點(diǎn)，它能夠使網(wǎng)絡(luò)具有很強(qiáng)的健壯性。
要恰當(dāng)?shù)难芯亢驮u(píng)估一個(gè)P2P系統(tǒng)，應(yīng)該需要考慮到參與到其中的各個(gè)主機(jī)的特點(diǎn)及其給整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶來(lái)的影響。由于缺乏終端各用戶參與該系統(tǒng)活動(dòng)時(shí)的確切數(shù)據(jù)，還很少有對(duì)于Gnutella系統(tǒng)的軟件版本的分析。
本文首先介紹了P2P的相關(guān)概念及Gnutella協(xié)議，然后說(shuō)明了分析的數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源以及分析平臺(tái)，之后針對(duì)使用Gnutella的用戶所使用的版本根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)經(jīng)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)其不同軟件版本運(yùn)行時(shí)所產(chǎn)生的拓?fù)潢P(guān)系存在一定的規(guī)律以及連接的傾向性，最后對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)的完備性等問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了一些說(shuō)明。這將有助于運(yùn)營(yíng)商估計(jì)用戶使用版本及其對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)生的影響。

關(guān)鍵詞：P2P，Gnutella，BearShare, LimeWire，傾向性

Abstract
P2P (Peer To Peer), literally means "partner to partner," is an increasingly widely used network application, and is also an increasingly popular technology of application layer network. It is an architecture that share resources and provide services directly. Gnutella as a typical protocol of P2P network, is acentric; entirely distributed; and is able to detect hosts automatically which enable the network to be very tough.
To the appropriately study and evaluate a P2P system, hosts’ characteristics and their effect on the entire network should be considered. As lack of exact data of terminals when they are active in the system, there is rarely any analysis on the version of Gnutella.
In this paper, at first there is some introductions about P2P system and Gnutella protocol; then showed the data gathered and software platform; after that is the process of analyses on relations of version and topology architecture, it’s found there is some inclination between different versions; at length, explained something about the integrality of data. This will help ISP to get to know the version of hosts and their effect to the whole network.

Key words: P2P，Gnutella，BearShare, LimeWire，inclination

目　　　　錄
中文摘要 1
Abstract 2
第1章 引言及背景 5
1.1 P2P概述 5
1.1.1 什么是P2P 5
1.1.2 P2P的基本原理 5
1.2 P2P的分類 6
1.2.1 集中式P2P 6
1.2.2 純分布式P2P 7
1.3 P2P的發(fā)展歷程 7
1.4 P2P能做什么 9
1.4.1 對(duì)等計(jì)算 9
1.4.2 協(xié)同工作 10
1.4.3 搜索引擎 10
1.4.4 文件交換 10
第2章 有關(guān)Gnutella協(xié)議 12
2.1 Gnutella協(xié)議的產(chǎn)生 12
2.2 Gnutella介紹 12
2.3 Gnutella的基本原理 14
2.4 Gnutella中文協(xié)議 15
2.4.1 協(xié)議定義： 16
2.4.2 Gnutella網(wǎng)絡(luò)的消息機(jī)制 18
第3章 Crawler及數(shù)據(jù)說(shuō)明 20
3.1 什么是Crawler 20
3.2 有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)的說(shuō)明 20
第4章 分析平臺(tái)及軟件版本 22
4.1 分析平臺(tái)MySQL 22
4.2 版本信息整理 22
4.2.1 導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù) 22
4.2.2 查詢版本 23
4.3 版本介紹 25
4.3.1 BearShare 25
4.3.2 LimeWire 26
第5章 數(shù)據(jù)分析過(guò)程 28
5.1 不同版本連接節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)目的查詢 28
5.2 版本于拓?fù)潢P(guān)系的分析過(guò)程 29
5.2.1 取樣觀察 29
5.2.2 批量整理數(shù)據(jù) 33
5.3 對(duì)版本分析的統(tǒng)計(jì) 37
第6章 數(shù)據(jù)完備性的說(shuō)明及結(jié)論 40
6.1 有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)的一些的說(shuō)明 40
6.1.1 關(guān)于數(shù)據(jù)的完備性 40
6.1.2 有關(guān)版本占有量對(duì)統(tǒng)計(jì)的影響 41
6.2 結(jié)論 41
參考文獻(xiàn) 43
外文原文 45
外文翻譯 57

部分參考文獻(xiàn)

[13] Mapping the Gnutella Network: Macroscopic Properties of Large-Scale Peer-to-Peer Systems, Matei Ripeanu, Ian Foster {matei, foster}@cs.uchicago.edu
[14] Crawling Gnutella: Lessons Learned, David G. Deschenes, Scott D. Weber, and Brian D. Davison,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University,19 Memorial Drive West, Bethlehem, PA 18015
[15] Gnutella Protocal
[16] MySQL manual 5.0
[17] MySQL技術(shù)支持
[18] Semantic Overlay Networks for P2P Systems，Arturo Crespo and Hector Garcia-Molina，Google Technologies Inc., Stanford University