摘   要

　　　水性丙烯酸酯乳液己在防火涂料行業(yè)取得了重要應(yīng)用。但常規(guī)丙烯酸酯乳液存在如成膜溫度高、膠膜硬度低、抗回粘性差、耐水性不好等缺點(diǎn)。因此,合成能克服以上缺陷的新型乳液己成為研究熱點(diǎn).本論文從粒子設(shè)計(jì)的思路著手，采用種子半連續(xù)法合成了一種具有明顯的硬核和軟殼結(jié)構(gòu)的丙烯酸酯乳液。論文系統(tǒng)研究了單體的選擇、乳化劑的配比及用量、引發(fā)劑用量、聚合工藝、反應(yīng)溫度等因素對(duì)乳液性能的影響。檢測(cè)表明:改性乳液具有優(yōu)良的耐水性、較高的力學(xué)強(qiáng)度、較低的成膜溫度、較強(qiáng)的附著力。
　　　本文還研究了甲基丙烯酸縮水甘油酯含量對(duì)共聚物乳液性能和涂膜性能的影響。乳液的電解質(zhì)穩(wěn)定性、離心穩(wěn)定性以及涂膜的耐水性都隨著功能單體甲基丙烯酸縮水甘油酯含量的增加而降低，乳液的電導(dǎo)率也隨著甲基丙烯酸縮水甘油酯含量的增加而降低;而乳液的表觀粘度和乳膠粒的粒徑隨著甲基丙烯酸縮水甘油酯含量的增加而增加。
　　　
關(guān)鍵詞：甲基丙烯酸縮水甘油酯，丙烯酸酯，種子乳液，核殼結(jié)構(gòu)，乳液聚合

ABSTRACT

　　　　　Acrylates emulsion has acquired an important application in fine retardant coating .But common acrylates emulsion exists some disadvantages such as high temperature of filming，low hardness of film, low transient of glass temperafure and poor water resistance of cured film. So it becomes a research, focusing on synthesis of novel acrylates emulsion with more excellent performance. In this paper，Synthesizing parameters of the core-shell structure particle were studied. A new acrylates emulsion with hard core and soft shell structure was prepared by designing partical structure forming. The influence of monomer, the proportion and the amount of emulsifier，the content of initiator, the technology of polymerization and the temperature on the acrylates emulsion were studied. In this paper, tests showed that the performance of modified emulsion got a prominent improvement in water resistance, mechanical properties, low cured temperature and excellent adhesive ability.
　　　　　The effect of glycidyl methacrylate GMA content on the properties of copolymer emulsion and copolymer films was studied. The stability of electrolyte resisting, centrifugal stability and the water resistance of the films were decreased with the increasing of GMA content. The electrical conductivity was decreased with the increasing of GMA. The apparent viscosity and the particle size of copolymer emulsion were increased with the increasing of the content of GMA.
　　　
Key words:  glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), acrylates, core-shell structure, emulsion polymerization

目錄

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 國(guó)外核殼乳液聚合的研究現(xiàn)狀 1
1.2 國(guó)內(nèi)核殼乳液聚合的研究情況 3
1.3 核殼乳液聚合基礎(chǔ) 3
1.3.1 核殼結(jié)構(gòu)乳膠粒的生成機(jī)理 3
1.3.1.1接枝機(jī)理 4
1.3.1.2互穿網(wǎng)絡(luò)聚合物（IPN）機(jī)理 4
1.3.1.3離子鍵合機(jī)理 4
1.3.2核殼乳液的性能 4
1.3.3乳膠成膜機(jī)理 5
1.3.3.1乳膠成膜過(guò)程 5
1.3.3.2最低成膜溫度 6
1.3.4核殼乳液的應(yīng)用 7
1.3.4.1作為抗沖擊改性劑和增韌劑 7
1.3.4.2作為特種涂料和粘合劑 7
1.4 本課題研究的目的與內(nèi)容 7
第二章 實(shí)驗(yàn)部分 9
2.1乳液聚合的制備理論 9
2.1.1乳液聚合工藝的選擇 9
2.1.2單體的選擇 10
2.1.3功能單體的選擇 12
2.1.4乳化劑的選擇 13
2.1.5引發(fā)劑的選擇 14
2.2共聚丙烯酸酯乳液的合成 14
2.2.1實(shí)驗(yàn)試劑 14
2.2.2實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器與裝置 15
2.2.3實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程 15
2.2.3.1組分均一的共聚丙烯酸酯乳液的合成 15
2.2.3.2核殼乳液的合成 16
2.2.3性能測(cè)試與表征技術(shù) 16
2.2.3.1機(jī)械穩(wěn)定性 16
2.2.3.2固含量 16
2.2.3.3傅立葉變換紅外光譜（FTIR） 16
2.2.3.4差示掃描量熱分析(DSC) 17
2.3.3.5熱失重分析(TGA) 17
2.2.3.6 PH值的測(cè)定 17
2.2.3.7拉伸剪切強(qiáng)度的測(cè)試 17
第三章 共聚丙烯酸酯乳液的性能分析 18
3.1引言 18
3.2共聚丙烯酸酯乳液性能影響因素分析 18
3.2.1乳化劑用量的影響 18
3.2.2引發(fā)劑用量的影響 19
3.2.3 GMA含量對(duì)共聚乳液穩(wěn)定性的影響 20
3.2.4 GMA含量對(duì)涂膜拉伸強(qiáng)度和延伸率的影響 21
3.2.5攪拌速度的影響 21
3.3共聚丙烯酸酯乳液的檢測(cè)結(jié)果與分析 21
　　　3.3.1共聚丙烯酸酯乳液的紅外譜圖分析（FTIR） 21
　　3.3.2共聚丙烯酸酯乳液拉伸剪切強(qiáng)度分析 23
　　3.3.3共聚丙烯酸酯乳液差式掃描量熱法分析（DSC） 24
　　3.3.4共聚丙烯酸酯乳液熱重法分析（TGA） 25
結(jié)    論 28
參考文獻(xiàn) 29
致    謝 31