摘 要
天然氣汽車減壓裝置是天然氣的汽車的一個重要部件，它的質(zhì)量好壞車的性能有很大的關(guān)系，它在天然氣汽車中主要起減壓和穩(wěn)壓的作用。因此，通過利用減壓裝置，可以把2-20MPa的壓縮天然氣壓力降到1-2.5kPa進(jìn)入混合器，以便與空氣混合進(jìn)入汽缸，由于高壓氣瓶中的CNG氣體壓力隨著燃料充裝和使用不斷變化，要保持較穩(wěn)定的空燃比控制，還要求無論瓶內(nèi)壓力如何變化，減壓調(diào)節(jié)器也應(yīng)保證進(jìn)入混合器的燃?xì)鈮毫竞愣ǎ源藢崿F(xiàn)比較穩(wěn)定的燃?xì)馀c空氣混合比控制。從而實現(xiàn)減壓和穩(wěn)壓的作用。
本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計在原有減壓產(chǎn)品的基礎(chǔ)上，對其結(jié)構(gòu)布局及形狀進(jìn)行了修改，并對輸入發(fā)動機(jī)過程中的天然氣壓力的變化值進(jìn)行了精確的設(shè)計，主要是對一級減壓閥的縫隙減壓和二級減壓閥的縫隙減壓，以及三級減壓閥利用真空度進(jìn)行減壓進(jìn)行計算，使其能夠滿足減壓至預(yù)期的要求。而且對各主要受載荷的零部件進(jìn)行了強(qiáng)度校核，使選擇的材料滿足強(qiáng)度要求。預(yù)計本次設(shè)計出來的減壓裝置具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，外行美觀，精度高的特點，可提高同類產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量，可以滿足廣大用戶的需求。




ABSTRACT
The natural gas automobile decompressor is a natural gas automobile important part, its quality quality vehicle performance has the very big relations, it is main the reduced pressure in the natural gas automobile and the constant voltage function. Therefore, through use decompressor, may 1-20MPa compression natural gas pressure drop to 1-2.5kPa enters the mixer, in order to enters the cylinder with the air mix, because in the high-pressure bottle CNG gas pressure changes, must maintain the stable air-fuel ratio control, also requests regardless of how the bottle internal pressure does change, the reduced pressure regulator also should guarantee enters the mixer basically the fuel gas pressure constant, by this realization quite stable fuel gas and air mixture ratio control. Thus realization reduced pressure and constant voltage function.
This graduation project in original reduced pressure product foundation, have carried on the revision to its structural configuration and the shape, and to input in the engine process the natural gas pressure change value to carry on the precise design, mainly is to the level pressure relief valve slit reduced pressure and two level of pressure relief valve slit reduced pressure, as well as three levels of pressure relief valves carry on the reduced pressure using the vacuum degree to carry on the computation, enables its to satisfy the reduced pressure to the anticipated request. Moreover to each mainly has been carried on the load spare part the intensity examination, causes the choice the material to satisfy the intensity request. Estimated this time designs the decompressor has the structure simply, the layman is artistic, precision high characteristic, may enhance the similar product the quality, May satisfy the user community the demand.

Key words: Natural gas automobile; decompressor; pressure relief valve



目 錄
摘要 .................................................................І
ABSTRACT..........................................................П
緒論 .................................................................1
0.1天然氣汽車減壓裝置的用途和功能 1
0.2天然氣汽車減壓裝置在我國的發(fā)展概況 1
0.3天然氣汽車減壓裝置設(shè)計的目的和意義 1
1 設(shè)計任務(wù)書 .........................................................3
1.1設(shè)計題目 3
1.2題目說明 3
1.2.1設(shè)計參數(shù)規(guī)范 3
1.2.2符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 3
1.2.3設(shè)計思路 3
1.3設(shè)計方案 3
1.4資料調(diào)研 4
1.4.1減壓閥的定義 4
1.4.2減壓閥的工作原理 4
1.4.3減壓閥的工作過程 7
2 設(shè)計方案的研究與選擇............................................. 9
2.1減壓調(diào)節(jié)器的分類 9
2.2方案選擇 9
2.2.1方案一及其優(yōu)缺點 9
2.2.2方案二及其優(yōu)缺點 9
2.2.3 設(shè)計方案的選擇 10
3 總體方案設(shè)計 ......................................................11
3.1一級減壓閥的設(shè)計 11
3.1.1一級減壓閥的工作原理 11
3.1.2一級減壓閥閥室的設(shè)計 11
3.1.3一級減壓閥杠桿、彈簧與閥口的設(shè)計 11
3.2二級減壓閥的設(shè)計 19
3.2.1二級減壓閥的工作原理 19
3.2.2二級減壓閥閥室及蓋板、杠桿、上檔板的設(shè)計 19
3.2.3二級減壓閥彈簧的設(shè)計 19
3.3三級減壓閥的設(shè)計 22
3.3.1三級減壓閥的工作原理 22
3.3.2三級減壓閥蓋板、杠桿、上擋板、閥口的設(shè)計 22
3.3.3三級減壓閥調(diào)節(jié)彈簧的設(shè)計 22
3.3.4 三級減壓閥膜片的設(shè)計與校核 25
3.4怠速閥的設(shè)計 26
3.4.1怠速閥的工作原理 26
3.4.2怠速閥閥室及閥體的設(shè)計 26
3.4.3怠速閥芯及怠速閥彈簧的設(shè)計 28
3.5其他重要零部件的設(shè)計 29
3.5.1高壓電磁閥閥芯、先導(dǎo)閥、彈簧的設(shè)計 29
3.5.2安全閥及其彈簧的設(shè)計 30
3.5.3進(jìn)氣接頭的設(shè)計 31
3.5.4一級閥蓋連結(jié)螺柱和三級閥蓋連結(jié)螺栓的選擇 32
4 天然氣汽車減壓裝置的使用說明 ......................................35
4.1天然氣汽車減壓裝置的使用注意事項 35
4.2天然氣汽車減壓裝置的拆裝、檢查與調(diào)整 35
4.2.1拆卸 35
4.2.2清洗、檢查、更換 35
4.2.3組裝、調(diào)整 36
5 總結(jié) ..............................................................38
謝辭 39
參考文獻(xiàn)............................................................40