基于單片機(jī)自行車(chē)測(cè)速系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)




摘 要


　　　隨著居民生活水平的不斷提高，自行車(chē)不再僅僅是普通的運(yùn)輸、代步的工具，而是成為人們娛樂(lè)、休閑、鍛煉的首選。自行車(chē)的速度里程表能夠滿(mǎn)足人們最基本的需求，讓人們能清楚地知道當(dāng)前的速度、里程等物理量。本論文主要闡述一種基于霍爾元件的自行車(chē)的速度里程表的設(shè)計(jì)。以 AT89C52 單片機(jī)為核心，A44E 霍爾傳感器測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)自行車(chē)?yán)锍?速度的測(cè)量統(tǒng)計(jì)，采用 24C02 實(shí)現(xiàn)在系統(tǒng)掉電的時(shí)候保存里程信息，并能將自行車(chē)的里程數(shù)及速度用LED實(shí)時(shí)顯示。文章詳細(xì)介紹了自行車(chē)的速度里程表的硬件電路和軟件設(shè)計(jì)。硬件部分利用霍爾元件將自行車(chē)每轉(zhuǎn)一圈的脈沖數(shù)傳入單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)，然后單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)將信號(hào)經(jīng)過(guò)處理送顯示。軟件部分用匯編語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行編程，采用模塊化設(shè)計(jì)思想。該系統(tǒng)硬件電路簡(jiǎn)單，子程序具有通用性，完全符合設(shè)計(jì)要求。

   


關(guān)鍵詞：里程/速度；霍爾元件；單片機(jī)；LED顯示


 


 


 


 


Bike speed system design based on single chip

ABSTRACT




　　　With the developing of people’s life, the bicycle is not only the universal tool of transportation and substitute for walking, but becomes the first choice of entertainment and exercising. The bicycle mileage/speed can fulfill the basic need of people’s life, so that they can learn the speed and the mileage of the bicycle. In this paper, the bicycle mileage/speed design based on the Hall element is elaborated. By AT89C52 as kernel, using A44E Hall element to measure revolution, the measure and statistic are achieved. The range information is saved by 24C02 when the power is off, the bicycle speed can be displayed on LED. In this article, the hardware circuit and software design of bicycle mileage/speed instrument are introduced in detail. About the hardware, the pulse number is transmitted of one cycle of the bicycle into Single Chip Microcomputer system. Then the signal processed by Single Chip Microcomputer system is sent to display scream. About the software, in assemble language; the program is designed in the mode of modules. The system has simple hardware, common sub-program, and meets the demand of design.

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Keyword：Mileage / speed; Hall element; Single chip microcomputer; LED


 


 


 


引言

　　　自行車(chē)被發(fā)明及使用到現(xiàn)在已有兩百多年的歷史，這兩百年間人類(lèi)在不斷的嘗試與研發(fā)過(guò)程中，將玩具式的木馬車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)換到今日各式新穎休閑運(yùn)動(dòng)自行車(chē)，自行車(chē)發(fā)展的目的也從最早的交通代步的工具轉(zhuǎn)換成休閑娛樂(lè)運(yùn)動(dòng)的用途。

　　　隨著居民生活水平的不斷提高，自行車(chē)不再僅僅是普通的運(yùn)輸、代步的工具，而是成為人們娛樂(lè)、休閑、鍛煉的首選。因此，人們希望自行車(chē)的功用更強(qiáng)大，能給人們帶來(lái)更多的方便。自行車(chē)?yán)锍趟俣缺碜鳛樽孕熊?chē)的一大輔助工具也正是隨著這個(gè)要求而迅速發(fā)展的，其功能也逐漸從單一的里程顯示發(fā)展到速度、時(shí)間顯示，甚至有的還具有測(cè)量騎車(chē)人的心跳、顯示騎車(chē)人熱量消耗等功能。本設(shè)計(jì)采用了MCS-51系列單片機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)一種體積小、操作簡(jiǎn)單的便攜式自行車(chē)的速度里程表，它能自動(dòng)地顯示當(dāng)前自行車(chē)行走的距離及運(yùn)行的速度。