目前，我國山區(qū)高速公路建設迅猛發(fā)展。在高等級公路的修建中，出現(xiàn)大量的深挖路塹與高填路堤邊坡，其防護問題非常突出。為了滿足安全可靠和經(jīng)濟合理雙重目標，對高邊坡病害特征的深入分析和對其治理工程方案的慎重選擇顯得十分重要。
公路邊坡沿公路分布的范圍廣，對自然環(huán)境的破壞范圍大，如果在防護的同時，能夠注意保護環(huán)境和創(chuàng)造環(huán)境，采用適當?shù)木G化防護方法來進行，則會使公路具有安全、舒適、美觀、與環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)等特點，也將會產(chǎn)生可觀的經(jīng)濟效益、社會效益和生態(tài)效益。
邊坡設計應遵循“安全綠色、水土保持、恢復自然、環(huán)保之路”的設計原則。
對公路邊坡進行防護，必須考慮以下問題：
①邊坡穩(wěn)定：保護路基邊坡表面免受雨水沖刷，減緩溫差與溫度變化的影響，防止和延緩軟巖土表面的風化、破碎、剝蝕演變過程，從而保護路基的整體穩(wěn)定性。
②環(huán)境保護：使工程對環(huán)境的擾亂程度減少到最小，并謀求人工構(gòu)造物與自然環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)。
③綜合效應：綜合防光，防眩，防煙，誘導司機視線，改善景觀等目的進行邊坡綠化防護，充分發(fā)揮防護工程的綜合效益。
1、工程防護
1.1 抹面與捶面
1.1.1適用條件：
①對各種易于風化的軟巖層（如泥質(zhì)砂巖、頁巖、千枚巖、泥質(zhì)板巖等）邊



At present, our country mountainous area highway to construct rapid development. In first-class highway construction, were massively deep cut cutting and high embankment slope, its protection outstanding issues. In order to meet the safe and reliable and reasonable economy dual goals, the high slope of disease of thorough analysis and characteristics of its governance engineering scheme discreet choice is very important.
Highway slope along the road to the distribution of wide, natural environmental damage range, if the protection at the same time, can protect the environment and create an environment, the adoption of appropriate greening methods for, can make highway has safe, comfortable, beautiful, in harmony with the environment and other characteristics, which will create considerable economic benefit and social benefit and ecological benefits.
Slope design should follow the "safe green, water and soil conservation and restoration of natural, environmental protection way" design principle.
On the highway slope protection, must consider the following questions:
(1) the slope stability: protect embankment slope surface from the rains washed out, slowing down the influence of temperature and temperature changes, to prevent and delay the surface of soft rock weathering, broken, eroding evolution process, thus protect the overall stability of roadbed.
(2) the environmental protection: make the project on environment to minimize the disturbing degree, and seek artificially alkali-silica coordinated with the natural environment.
(3) comprehensive effects: comprehensive against the light, prevent dazzle, smoke, induction of driver line of sight, improve landscape slope greening purpose, give full play to the comprehensive benefit protection project.