地震次生水災(zāi)害與水問(wèn)題應(yīng)對(duì)措施.pdf
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地震次生水災(zāi)害與水問(wèn)題應(yīng)對(duì)措施,目錄一、水庫(kù)大壩險(xiǎn)情應(yīng)對(duì)措施 ................................................................................1（一）險(xiǎn)情檢查............................................................
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目錄
一、水庫(kù)大壩險(xiǎn)情應(yīng)對(duì)措施 ................................................................................1
（一）險(xiǎn)情檢查...............................................................................................................1
1．水庫(kù)特征檢查.....................................................................................................1
2．壩體檢查.............................................................................................................1
3．輸、泄水洞(管)檢查..........................................................................................2
4．溢洪道檢查.........................................................................................................2
5．閘門(mén)及啟閉機(jī)檢查.............................................................................................2
6．其他設(shè)備檢查.....................................................................................................2
（二）水情監(jiān)測(cè)...............................................................................................................3
1．上游天氣監(jiān)測(cè)與降雨預(yù)報(bào).................................................................................3
2．庫(kù)區(qū)水情監(jiān)測(cè).....................................................................................................3
（三）應(yīng)急搶險(xiǎn)措施.......................................................................................................4
1．土壩漫頂?shù)膿屪o(hù).................................................................................................4
2．防風(fēng)浪沖擊.........................................................................................................6
3. 土壩脫坡?lián)屪o(hù)......................................................................................................7
4．滑坡治理.............................................................................................................9
5．護(hù)坡措施...........................................................................................................10
6．壩體裂縫處理...................................................................................................11
7．壩體滲漏防治...................................................................................................13
8．散浸、滲漏、漏洞及陷坑搶護(hù).......................................................................15
9．管涌搶護(hù)...........................................................................................................19
10．涵洞、管道漏水處理.....................................................................................20
11．涵管、溢洪道下游沖刷處理.........................................................................20
（四）應(yīng)急預(yù)案及實(shí)施.................................................................................................20
1．水庫(kù)下游潰壩影響范圍快速評(píng)估...................................................................20
2、應(yīng)急預(yù)案編制...................................................................................................21
3、應(yīng)急指揮機(jī)構(gòu)...................................................................................................21
4、預(yù)警和預(yù)報(bào)發(fā)布...............................................................................................21
二、堰塞湖險(xiǎn)情應(yīng)對(duì)措施..................................................................................23
（一）堵江堆積體監(jiān)測(cè).................................................................................................23
（二）堰塞湖應(yīng)急處理技術(shù).........................................................................................24
1．基本原則...........................................................................................................24
2．現(xiàn)場(chǎng)應(yīng)急檢查...................................................................................................24
3．應(yīng)急處理技術(shù)...................................................................................................25
（三）堰塞湖潰決風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析.........................................................................................25
1．建立監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)...................................................................................................25
2．基本信息收集...................................................................................................26
3．穩(wěn)定和潰壩風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析.......................................................................................27
4．預(yù)警和警報(bào)的發(fā)布...........................................................................................27
（四）堰塞湖潰決臨災(zāi)預(yù)案.........................................................................................27
1．堰塞湖次生災(zāi)害應(yīng)急預(yù)案的宣傳...................................................................27
2．堰塞湖災(zāi)害應(yīng)急防范“明白卡” .......................................................................28
3
3．預(yù)先..
一、水庫(kù)大壩險(xiǎn)情應(yīng)對(duì)措施 ................................................................................1
（一）險(xiǎn)情檢查...............................................................................................................1
1．水庫(kù)特征檢查.....................................................................................................1
2．壩體檢查.............................................................................................................1
3．輸、泄水洞(管)檢查..........................................................................................2
4．溢洪道檢查.........................................................................................................2
5．閘門(mén)及啟閉機(jī)檢查.............................................................................................2
6．其他設(shè)備檢查.....................................................................................................2
（二）水情監(jiān)測(cè)...............................................................................................................3
1．上游天氣監(jiān)測(cè)與降雨預(yù)報(bào).................................................................................3
2．庫(kù)區(qū)水情監(jiān)測(cè).....................................................................................................3
（三）應(yīng)急搶險(xiǎn)措施.......................................................................................................4
1．土壩漫頂?shù)膿屪o(hù).................................................................................................4
2．防風(fēng)浪沖擊.........................................................................................................6
3. 土壩脫坡?lián)屪o(hù)......................................................................................................7
4．滑坡治理.............................................................................................................9
5．護(hù)坡措施...........................................................................................................10
6．壩體裂縫處理...................................................................................................11
7．壩體滲漏防治...................................................................................................13
8．散浸、滲漏、漏洞及陷坑搶護(hù).......................................................................15
9．管涌搶護(hù)...........................................................................................................19
10．涵洞、管道漏水處理.....................................................................................20
11．涵管、溢洪道下游沖刷處理.........................................................................20
（四）應(yīng)急預(yù)案及實(shí)施.................................................................................................20
1．水庫(kù)下游潰壩影響范圍快速評(píng)估...................................................................20
2、應(yīng)急預(yù)案編制...................................................................................................21
3、應(yīng)急指揮機(jī)構(gòu)...................................................................................................21
4、預(yù)警和預(yù)報(bào)發(fā)布...............................................................................................21
二、堰塞湖險(xiǎn)情應(yīng)對(duì)措施..................................................................................23
（一）堵江堆積體監(jiān)測(cè).................................................................................................23
（二）堰塞湖應(yīng)急處理技術(shù).........................................................................................24
1．基本原則...........................................................................................................24
2．現(xiàn)場(chǎng)應(yīng)急檢查...................................................................................................24
3．應(yīng)急處理技術(shù)...................................................................................................25
（三）堰塞湖潰決風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析.........................................................................................25
1．建立監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)...................................................................................................25
2．基本信息收集...................................................................................................26
3．穩(wěn)定和潰壩風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析.......................................................................................27
4．預(yù)警和警報(bào)的發(fā)布...........................................................................................27
（四）堰塞湖潰決臨災(zāi)預(yù)案.........................................................................................27
1．堰塞湖次生災(zāi)害應(yīng)急預(yù)案的宣傳...................................................................27
2．堰塞湖災(zāi)害應(yīng)急防范“明白卡” .......................................................................28
3
3．預(yù)先..
