大白楊溝煤礦高密度電法資料處理解釋

摘  要:近年來，雖然國家十分重視煤礦水害防治工作，煤礦也加大了治理力度，但是煤礦突水事故頻繁，造成人員傷亡量大，煤礦水害的防治成為重點。

　　　大白楊溝煤礦位于瑪納斯地區(qū)，地處天山北麓，礦區(qū)有三條地表溪流，且礦區(qū)地層發(fā)育有裂隙帶，為防止煤礦在生產(chǎn)過程中因裂隙帶導通地表水而發(fā)生突水事故，特對礦區(qū)進行了高密度電法勘探，以此來查明地下水的分布情況。

　　　巖層在致密的情況下，巖石的電阻率值相對較高，但若巖層發(fā)育有富水區(qū)、充水裂隙、含水構造或受斷層切割的破碎帶含水、導水時，巖石的導電性會顯著增強，其電阻率值將會降低，使得含水區(qū)域與其周圍介質(zhì)產(chǎn)生明顯的電阻率差異，富水區(qū)將是明顯的低阻異常。根據(jù)新疆瑪納斯地區(qū)地下水分布特征及儲水構造與圍巖之間比較明顯的電阻率差異，在該區(qū)選擇高密度電阻率法來進行地下水的探測。

　　　高密度電阻率法測深資料既能反映地下某一深度的地下含水構造在水平方向的電性變化，又能提供其在縱向上的電性變化，能直觀詳細全面的反應地下水的分布情況。

　　　本論文通過對所采集數(shù)據(jù)的處理成圖和反演預測，較好的反應出礦區(qū)的松散層厚度變化情況及礦區(qū)巖層的富水特征。該區(qū)的富水巖層分布不均勻，主要集中在河岸的西南面，地下70m以上。完成了對大白楊溝煤礦高密度電法資料進行處理解釋的任務。說明了高密度電法在探測煤礦水文地質(zhì)方面是可行、有效的，并且為礦區(qū)預防水災、安全生產(chǎn)提供了參考依據(jù)。

　　　

關鍵詞：大白楊溝；煤礦水患；高密度電阻率法；地下水特征

The processing and interpretation of high-density resistivity data for the coal mine in the Da Baiyang Gou area

Abstract:In recent years,although the government attaches great importance to prevent and control the coal mine flood,and the coal mine also do more efforts to governance, the water inrush accidents still happened frequently and caused amount of deaths，So the most important thing is that how we prevent and control the inrush water.

　　　The Da Baiyang coal mine is located in the Manas, and there are three runoffs in the ravine and many fractured zones developed in the strata.In order to identify the distribution of groundwater to prevent water inrush accidents in the production of coal mine, we implemented the high-density electrical exploration.

　　　The resistivity value of rocks is relatively high when it is dense, but when water-rich area, water-filled cracks,moisture content constructor, fracture zone by the faults filled with moisture content are in the rocks, the conductivity of rocks will be enhanced significantly and the resistivity value of rocks will be reduced. The difference of resistivity of aquifer and its surrounding medium is obvious, the resistivity of water-rich area will be low apparently. It will prove the groundwater by selecting high-density resistivity method according to the characteristics of groundwater distribution in Manas region and the obvious difference of resistivity of aquifer and its surrounding medium.

　　　The high-density resistivity data can reflect the horizontal changes of resistivity of the moisture content constructor in a depth, and provide the longitudinal changes of its resistivity,so,wo can use it to speculate the groundwater characteristics of the distribution simply,accurately and comprehensively.

　　　By processing the data we sampled in these exploration, we Completed these exploration work ,which found that the changes of thickness of losses bed and the characteristic of water-rich stratum.It indicated the high-density electrical aspects of hydrogeology in the detection of mines is feasible and effective,and for the mine to prevent flooding，the basis for safety is provided.

Keywords：Da Baiyang Gou area;coal mine flooding; high density resistivity method; groundwater characteristics 

目    錄

第一章 緒論 1

1.1  選題意義 1

1.2  研究現(xiàn)狀 2

1.2.1  大白楊溝地質(zhì)工作 2

1.2.2  高密度電法發(fā)展概況 3

1.2.3  高密度電法應用領域 4

1.3  研究內(nèi)容、研究方法及完成工作量 5

1.3.1  研究內(nèi)容 5

1.3.2  研究方法 6

1.3.3  完成工作量 6

第二章 地質(zhì)及地球物理特征 7

2.1  地質(zhì)背景 7

2.1.1  區(qū)域地質(zhì)背景 7

2.1.2  構造 8

2.1.3  地層[24] 8

2.2  水文地質(zhì)特征[25] 10

2.2.1  含水層類型、埋藏及分布特征 10

2.2.2  地下水補給、徑流、排泄條件 11

2.3  地球物理特征 11

第三章 高密度電法野外工作方法技術 13

3.1  地質(zhì)任務 13

3.2  方法選擇 13

3.3  高密度電阻率法基本原理及特點 13

3.3.1  基本原理 13

3.3.2  方法特點 14

3.4  排列裝置 15

3.5  測量方式 18

3.6  探測儀器及野外工作 20

3.6.1  探測儀器 20

3.6.2  野外工作 21

3.7  電阻率曲線的反演 22

第四章 高密度電法資料處理與解釋 23

4.1  資料處理 23

　　　4.2  資料解釋 23

4.2.1  松散層界面 23

4.2.2  測區(qū)富水性 29

4.2.3  地下水分布規(guī)律及特征 30

結  論 33

參考文獻 34

致  謝 36

附錄 37