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摘要 I
Abstract II
1 引言 1
2 實驗方法 3
2.1 實驗原理 3
2.2 實驗原料和設備 4
2.3 實驗條件 6
2.4 環(huán)境測試艙甲醛濃度（mg/m3）測定 7
2.5 材料中污染物散發(fā)率(mg/(m2h))的測定 8
3 結(jié)果與討論 10
3.1 板材中甲醛散發(fā)率模型 10
3.1.1 散發(fā)率曲線測定 10
3.1.2 內(nèi)循環(huán)空氣流動速度對板材中甲醛散發(fā)率的影響 13
3.2 室內(nèi)甲醛濃度預測模型 19
3.2.1 預測模型 19
3.2.2 預測模型的分析與求解 20
3.2.3 室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量預測模型的驗證 21
4 結(jié)論 22
參考文獻 23
致謝 25


室內(nèi)空氣流動速度對空氣質(zhì)量的影響


摘 要
人們已經(jīng)能越來越意識到室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量對于健康重要性。甲醛是室內(nèi)污染物的主要項目之一，為了保證人體健康，研究甲醛濃度隨著時間的變化規(guī)律成了必要課題。本文研究了室內(nèi)空氣流動速度（內(nèi)循環(huán)速度Vs）對于室內(nèi)甲醛濃度隨時間變化規(guī)律C=f(t)的影響。
利用小型環(huán)境測試艙動態(tài)平衡法，測定雪豐飾面板甲醛的即時散發(fā)率（采用酚試劑比色法測定室內(nèi)空氣中的甲醛即時濃度C，并換算成甲醛即時散發(fā)率R），繪制散發(fā)率—時間曲線，推導甲醛散發(fā)率—時間模型（R=f(t)），研究室內(nèi)空氣流動速度Vs對散發(fā)率模型的影響，完善室內(nèi)污染物甲醛濃度預測模型（C=f(t)）。
經(jīng)實驗得出：揮發(fā)系數(shù)較小的固態(tài)材料散發(fā)率通常呈指數(shù)衰減形式衰減，其模型： 或 ，其中R0為初始散發(fā)率(mg/m2/h)，為衰減常數(shù)(m2/mg)，t為時間(h)。在溫度T、濕度RH、荷載率L、空氣交換率N等實驗條件不變的情況下，單獨改變室內(nèi)空氣流動速度Vs (6m/h、10m/h、14m/h)。隨著室內(nèi)空氣流動速度Vs上升，污染源的甲醛初始散發(fā)率R0增大，衰減系數(shù)k隨之增大。且甲醛初始濃度C0 增大，甲醛濃度衰減速度加快。

關鍵詞：室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量；小型環(huán)境測試艙；甲醛；散發(fā)率—時間模型；空氣流動速度


The influence of air flow speed on the indoor air quality

Abstract
With the improvement of living standards, people are aware of the importance of the indoor air quality for the health. Formaldehyde is an important item in the indoor pollutants, so the studying on the formaldehyde concentration varying over time is essential to ensure human health. This thesis focuses on the influence of air flow speed on the regular pattern of the formaldehyde concentration varying over time C=f(t).
The small environmental test chamber dynamic balance method is used to measure the formaldehyde emission rate of Xuefeng decorative plates with different air flow speeds. Formaldehyde immediate concentration is detected by phenol reagent spectrophotometry firstly, the immediate formaldehyde emission rate in the chamber calculated from the concentration secondly，the R-t curve is made and the formaldehyde emission rate VS time model is derived, then the air flow speed factor influence can be got. We can also derive formaldehyde concentration VS time model (C=f(t)) basing on the model of formaldehyde emission rate VS time.
The experimental results show: the emission rate of solid-state materials such as plates usually decrease over the time, and the emission rate attenuate model can be described as an exponential attenuate model, like or , where R0 is the initial dissemination the rate (mg/m2/h), k is the attenuation constant (m2/mg), and t is the time (h). When temperature T, humidity RH, load ratio L, air exchange ratio N are kept same, only the inner loop speed Vs (6m/h, 10m/h, 14m/h) is changed. With the inner flow speed Vs rising, the initial formaldehyde emission rate R0 would increase, and the attenuation coefficient k would increase; the initial formaldehyde concentration C0 would also increase and the decaying of the concentration would be faster.

Key words: indoor air quality, the small environmental test chamber, formaldehyde, emission rate model, air flow speed.