CAD/CAM集成的雙刀車削數(shù)控編程系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)

摘要

隨著火車提速，對(duì)車輪的質(zhì)量和加工精度提出更高的要求。車輪毛坯是熱軋件，毛坯尺寸散差大。車輪按訂單生產(chǎn)，中小批量，供貨周期短，要求數(shù)控編程周期短、效率高、錯(cuò)誤率低。手工編程不能滿足生產(chǎn)要求，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)代編程技術(shù)是理所當(dāng)然。目前國(guó)內(nèi)外關(guān)于數(shù)控車床自動(dòng)編程技術(shù)研究得較多，而雙刀架數(shù)控車床自動(dòng)編程技術(shù)研究的較少。根據(jù)企業(yè)的需求開發(fā)雙刀數(shù)控車削自動(dòng)編程系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)在計(jì)算機(jī)輔助下進(jìn)行產(chǎn)品建模、工藝規(guī)劃、刀位數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算、NC程序生成和軌跡模擬等任務(wù)，從而提高數(shù)控編程效率和質(zhì)量。本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下：

1．綜述國(guó)內(nèi)外數(shù)控技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。論述了數(shù)控編程技術(shù)和方法，指出了雙刀車削數(shù)控編程系統(tǒng)的一些關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。

2．介紹了雙刀車削數(shù)控自動(dòng)編程系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)平臺(tái)及開發(fā)工具：0bjectARX、VC．NET。

3。設(shè)計(jì)了雙刀車削數(shù)控自動(dòng)編程系統(tǒng)的功能及技術(shù)方案，包括菜單的定制、工藝交互、前置處理、后置處理和刀具運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡模擬。

4．在CAD通用平臺(tái)上實(shí)現(xiàn)人機(jī)交互工藝規(guī)劃，以工步為單元輸入工藝數(shù)據(jù)，并用鏈表存儲(chǔ)這些信息。

5．論述刀具運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡模擬的目的和實(shí)現(xiàn)軌跡模擬時(shí)涉及的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，以及軌跡模擬在AutoCAD平臺(tái)上的效果。

關(guān)鍵詞：雙刀車削加工；數(shù)控編程；軌跡模擬；VC．NET；ObjectARX

Development on CAD／CAM Integrated Twin—cutter

NC Turning Programming System

Abstract

With increase speed of train, the higher quality and machining accuracy of train wheels are required. The rough wheels are hot rolled steel, whose dimensions are scattered in a large range. The wheels are produced by order with middle or small batch. The cycle of supply is short．Given the situation mentioned above, NC programming is requested to be fast，efficient，and accurate．Manual programming can not satisfy the demands of production．With no doubt, modem programming technology is the first choice. In recent years, automatic programming technology of single-curer NC lathes has been researched widely in the world. However, the technology of twin-cutter NC lathes has barely been researched．Twin-cutter NC turning programming system is helpful to improve programming efficiency and quality according to enterprise’s requirements．In this system，computer-aided technology is utilized in creation of the models，process planning，calculation of curer location data(CLDATA), generation of NC code and simulation of the machining, etc. The main contents are as follows：

1．An overview on current situation of NC technology is represented．NC programming technology and method are presented．Further more，some key technologies of twin-cutter NC    turning programming system are released。

2．The platforms and tools(ObjectARX and VC．NET)to develop twin-cutter NC turning programming system are introduced．

3．The function and technology scheme of twin-cutter NC turning programming system are designed, with the content of menu customization，interactive interfaces of process，preprocess，post process and simulation of the tool path．

4. The function of the interactive process plan is performed on common CAD platform．Process plan data is gathered as unit of step，which is stored into chain tables.

5．The purpose of simulating tool paths and the key technology of implementing trail simulation are discussed. Besides, the effect of trail simulation on AutoCAD platform is presented too．

Key Words：twin—curer turning；NC programming；trail simulation；VC．NET；ObjectARX

目錄

第一章緒論…………………………………………………………………… 4

1.1國(guó)內(nèi)外數(shù)控技術(shù)的現(xiàn)狀………………………………………………………………… 4

1.2數(shù)控技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)…………………………………………………………………… 5

第二章雙刀車削數(shù)控自動(dòng)編程關(guān)鍵技術(shù)分析……………………………… 6

2.1 CAD建模………………………………………………………………………………… 6

2.2 工藝規(guī)劃………………………………………………………………………………… 6

2.3 刀具軌跡的自動(dòng)生成…………………………………………………………………… 6

2.4 前置處理和后置處理…………………………………………………………………… 6

2.5 刀具運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡模擬……………………………………………………………………… 7

2.6 加工過(guò)程分析…………………………………………………………………………… 8

第三章 雙刀車削數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)平臺(tái)…………………………… 9

3.1 AUTOCAD簡(jiǎn)介…………………………………………………………………………… 9

3.2開發(fā)工具0bjectARX………………………………………………………………………9

第四章 雙刀車削數(shù)控編程系統(tǒng)功能要求……………………… 11

4.1 AutoCAD菜單的定制…………………………………………………………………  11

4.2 工藝交換……………………………………………………………………………… 11

4.3 前處理與后處理……………………………………………………………………… 12

4.4 模擬軌跡……………………………………………………………………………… 13

第五章 雙刀車削工藝規(guī)劃及信息處理………………………… 14

5.1雙刀車削的特點(diǎn)…………………………………………………………………………14

5.2 工藝規(guī)劃……………………………………………………………………………… 14

5.2.1 工藝規(guī)劃方法……………………………………………………………………… 14

5.2.2 左右刀架加工任務(wù)的分配原則…………………………………………………… 14

5.2.3 切削參數(shù)的確定…………………………………………………………………… 15

5.3 工藝規(guī)劃中防止刀具干涉問(wèn)題……………………………………………………… 15

5.4 加工規(guī)劃數(shù)據(jù)儲(chǔ)存…………………………………………………………………… 16

第六章 軌跡模擬………………………………………………… 17

6.1 軌跡模擬的目的……………………………………………………………………… 17

6.2 影響模擬效果的因素………………………………………………………………… 17 

6.3 軌跡模擬在AUTOCAD平臺(tái)的實(shí)現(xiàn)…………………………………………………… 18

結(jié)論…………………………………………………………………19

致謝…………………………………………………………………20

參考文獻(xiàn)……………………………………………………………21