內 容 摘 要

     虛擬局域網(wǎng)（VLAN）是一種通過將局域網(wǎng)內的設備邏輯地而不是物理地劃分成一個個網(wǎng)段從而實現(xiàn)虛擬工作組的新興技術，在功能和操作上和傳統(tǒng)的LAN基本相同。虛擬局域網(wǎng)技術是目前網(wǎng)絡界最熱門的技術之一，也是交換網(wǎng)絡中最重要的技術之一，它的出現(xiàn)是和局域網(wǎng)的交換技術的發(fā)展分不開的。VLAN的出現(xiàn)打破了傳統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡的許多固有觀念，使網(wǎng)絡結構變得靈活、方便。

隨著網(wǎng)絡技術日新月異的發(fā)展，現(xiàn)代局域網(wǎng)已進入高速交換時代。以交換技術為基礎產(chǎn)生的VLAN技術是一種新的熱門技術，目前正在得到越來越廣泛的應用從某種角度講，VLAN技術己經(jīng)成為現(xiàn)代大型局域網(wǎng)建設、管理和應用不可缺少的技術。研究VLAN技術的應用，對于網(wǎng)絡的建設、管理和應用具有十分重要的意義。

[關鍵詞]：虛擬局域網(wǎng) 技術 劃分 應用

                   Abstract

The virtual local area network (VLAN), is one kind through is not physics divides local area network in equipment logic each one webpage to realize the hypothesized work team's emerging technology, in function and operation and traditional LAN basic same.The virtual local area network technology is one of present network most popular technologies, also is exchanges in the network one of most important technical, its appearance is and the local area network exchange technology development cannot separate.The VLAN appearance has broken traditional network many inherent ideas, causes the network architecture to become is nimble, is convenient.

With the rapid development of network technology, modern high-speed local area network has entered the era of exchange. In exchange for technology-based VLAN generated by the new technology is a hot technology, is being increasingly wide range of applications from a certain point say, VLAN technology has been become a modern large-scale local area network construction, management and application of essential technologies. VLAN technology research for the campus network construction, management and application is of great significance .

Keywords：Virtual local area network, Technology, Divided, Applyszz

1、局域網(wǎng)（VLAN）基礎 1

1.1、虛擬局域網(wǎng)概述 1

1.1.1虛擬局域網(wǎng)的定義 1

1.1.2 VLAN的由來 1

1.2、虛擬局域網(wǎng)的特點 3

1.2.1 VLAN的特性 3

1.2.2 VLAN與傳統(tǒng)的LAN相比較的優(yōu)勢 3

2 、虛擬局域網(wǎng)的劃分 4

2.1、基于端口的VLAN劃分 4

2.2、基于MAC地址的VLAN劃分 4

2.3、基于網(wǎng)絡層的劃分 5

2.4、基于策略的VLAN劃分 5

3、 虛擬局域網(wǎng)協(xié)議 5

3.1、IEEE802.1Q協(xié)議 5

3.2、VLAN 鏈路 6

3.2.1 vlan鏈路類型 6

3.2.2 VLAN幀在網(wǎng)絡中的通信 7

3.2.3 Trunk和VLAN 7

4、VLAN間路由 8

4.1、VLAN間路由的需求 8

4.1.1 VLAN隔離二層廣播域 8

4.1.2連接不同的VLAN 9

4.2、三層交換機做VLAN間路由 9

4.2.1 VLAN間路由的解決方案 9

4.2.2使用VLAN Trunkint 10

4.2.3基于內部硬件路由引擎的三層交換機 11

5、虛擬局域網(wǎng)應用實例 12

5.1、思科單臂路由配置 12

5.2、利用VLAN進行學校配置 13

注釋 18

參考文獻 19

致謝 20