摘 要

PLC可編程序控制器是以微處理器為基礎(chǔ)，綜合了計算機技術(shù)、自動控制技術(shù)和通訊技術(shù)發(fā)展而來的一種新型工業(yè)控制裝置。它具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、編程方便、可靠性高等優(yōu)點，已廣泛用于工業(yè)過程和位置的自動控制中。據(jù)統(tǒng)計，可編程控制器是工業(yè)自動化裝置中應(yīng)用最多的一種設(shè)備。專家認(rèn)為，可編程控制器將成為今后工業(yè)控制的主要手段和重要的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)備之一，PLC、機器人、CAD/CAM將成為工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的三大支柱。由于PLC具有對使用環(huán)境適應(yīng)性強的特性，同時其內(nèi)部定時器資源十分豐富，可對目前普遍使用的“漸進式”信號燈進行精確控制，特別對多岔路口的控制可方便地實現(xiàn)。因此現(xiàn)在越來越多地將PLC應(yīng)用于交通燈系統(tǒng)中。同時，PLC本身還具有通訊聯(lián)網(wǎng)功能，將同一條道路上的信號燈組成一局域網(wǎng)進行統(tǒng)一調(diào)度管理，可縮短車輛通行等候時間，實現(xiàn)科學(xué)化管理。隨著社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，城市交通問題越來越引起人們的關(guān)注。
本文選擇三菱可編程控制器FX2n為核心部件，著重進行硬件接口設(shè)計，利用梯形圖和語句表進行編程，實現(xiàn)了十字路口交通燈控制系統(tǒng)的自動化。

關(guān)鍵詞: PLC，交通控制，自動化
















ABSTRACT

The programmable preface in PLC controller is a kind of new industry controls the device, it regard microprocessor as the foundation, synthesizing the calculator technique, automatic control technique to develop with the communication technique .It has the construction simple, the plait distance is convenient, high etc. in dependable advantage, already extensive used for the industry process with the automatic control of the position inside. According to the covariance, the programmable controller is a kind of equipments that industry automate to equip the inside the application at most. The expert thinks, the programmable controller will become the main means that aftertime industry control with the one of the important foundation equipments, the PLC, robot, CAD/ CAM will become three major of pillar that industry produce. Because the PLC has to the strong characteristic in adaptability in environment in usage, its inner part settles at the same time the machine resources is abundant very, can to current widespread usage of" enter the type gradually" the signal beacon proceeds the precision controls, special the oscular control in a many branch roads can realizes expediently. So that is applied the PLC more and more now in transportation light system inside. At the same time, PLC still have the communication internet function, constitute the same of the signal beacon on the road of bureau area net proceeds to unify to adjust a management, can shorten the vehicle go through waiting time, realizing scientific management.
This paper chooses Mitsubishi PLC FX2n as the main components, focus on the hardware interface design, make use of the ladder diagram and the sentence form to carry out a program, the realization of the traffic lights at the crossroads automation control system.

Keyword: PLC， traffic control，Automation






目 錄

第1章 緒論 1
1.1交通燈設(shè)計背景 1
1.2研究目的和意義 2
1.3本文的主要內(nèi)容 3
第2章 可編程控制器（PLC） 4
2.1 PLC基本概念 4
2.2 PLC的發(fā)展歷程 5
2.3 PLC的發(fā)展趨勢 6
2.4 PLC的特點及應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域、分類及程序語言 7
2.5 PLC的硬件結(jié)構(gòu) 11
2.6 PLC的工作原理 22
2.7 本章小結(jié) 24
第3章 多工作方式交通燈系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 25
3.1控制要求 25
3.2系統(tǒng)設(shè)計方案分析 26
3.2.1系統(tǒng)設(shè)計狀態(tài)圖 27
3.2.2系統(tǒng)設(shè)計時序圖 29
3.2.3系統(tǒng)設(shè)計主程序流程圖 30
3.3硬件設(shè)計 31
3.4 軟件設(shè)計 31
3.4.1系統(tǒng)的梯形圖 32
3.4.2系統(tǒng)的語句表 35
3.5 本章小結(jié) 37
第4章 系統(tǒng)檢測與調(diào)試 38
4.1檢測與調(diào)試 38
4.2本章小結(jié) 39
設(shè)計總結(jié)與體會 39
參考文獻(xiàn) 40
謝 辭 41
附錄一 FX2N型PLC軟元件表 42