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摘要

檸檬酸是微生物發(fā)酵法生產(chǎn)的重要有機(jī)酸之一, 用途極為廣泛。檸檬酸又名枸櫞酸，其商品形式主要為無(wú)水檸檬酸和一水檸檬酸。檸檬酸主要用于紡織、建材、醫(yī)藥、食品、環(huán)保和日用化工等行業(yè)。其中以食品工業(yè)用量最多，主要作為飲料的酸味劑，約占總產(chǎn)量的40%。

為了適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)需要，檸檬酸生產(chǎn)工藝及技術(shù)都在不斷更新，發(fā)展?，F(xiàn)仍在向大規(guī)模化方向發(fā)展，其主要生產(chǎn)設(shè)備選用大型發(fā)酵罐或采用新型發(fā)酵罐生產(chǎn)檸檬酸。

檸檬酸發(fā)酵工業(yè)在我國(guó)已經(jīng)有相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的歷史，在生產(chǎn)工藝技術(shù)上目前也比較成熟。本設(shè)計(jì)采用較新的以玉米漿清液為發(fā)酵原料的技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)，以黑曲霉為工程菌進(jìn)行液體深層發(fā)酵進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)設(shè)計(jì)。設(shè)計(jì)調(diào)查了檸檬酸的特性和用途，并做了市場(chǎng)預(yù)測(cè)。鑒于設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間的緊迫，本設(shè)計(jì)主要對(duì)檸檬酸發(fā)酵中主要的糖化、發(fā)酵工段進(jìn)行了工藝計(jì)算和設(shè)備選型，并繪制了全廠平面圖、工藝流程示意圖、車間設(shè)備布置圖和車間設(shè)備側(cè)面圖。

關(guān)鍵字：檸檬酸 發(fā)酵 工廠 設(shè)計(jì)

Design of the citric acid fermentation plant with annual output of 50,000 tons

Abstract

Citric acid is one o f the organic citric producted by biofermentation and is w- idely employed. Citric acid is also known as citrate acid. Mainly in the form of it’s goods are anhydrous citric acid and citric acid monohydrate. The mainly used of citric acid is in textile, building materials, medicine, food, environmental and household chemicals and other industries. Among the most amount of the food industry, it accounting for about 40% of total output mainly as a drink of sour agent.

To meet the needs of the market, citric acid production process and technology are constantly updating and development. And now the fermentation industry of citric acid is still under the direction of the large-scale development, large fermentation tanks or using the new production of citric acid fermentation tanks are used as the main production facilities.

The citric acid fermentation industry has a long history in china , also the production process technology is very mature. The design uses a relatively new technology as the basis which the fermentation material is corn syrup supernatant , for the engineered strain of Aspergillus niger by submerged fermentation for production design. Before the design，I have made a investigation about the characteristics and use of citric acid，and made a market forecast. Because the urgency of design time, the design mainly focused on the main saccharification and fermentation section in the citric acid fermentation containning the technical calculation , equipment selection , and the mapping of the whole plant layout, process flow diagram, workshop equipment and the workshop equipment layout from side surface.

Keywords：the citric acid，fermentation，factory，design

目 錄

第1章 緒論 1

1.1 項(xiàng)目意義 1

1.2 市場(chǎng)預(yù)測(cè) 2

1.3 設(shè)計(jì)范圍 2

第2章 廠址選擇 4

2.1 廠址選擇的原則 4

2.2 廠址定址 4

第3章 全廠平面設(shè)計(jì) 6

3.1 全廠總平面布置基本任務(wù) 6

3.2 廠區(qū)總平面布置形式 6

第4章 工藝流程設(shè)計(jì) 8

4.1 生產(chǎn)原料選擇 8

4.2 工藝流程 8

4.3 操作工藝 10

第5章 主要工藝計(jì)算 13

5.1 物料衡算 13

5.2 熱量平衡計(jì)算 16

第6章 設(shè)備選型 20

6.1設(shè)備選型 20

第7章 公用工程 31

7.1給排水工程 31

7.2供電工程 31

7.3供熱工程 32

第8章 生產(chǎn)衛(wèi)生及消防規(guī)范 33

8.1個(gè)人衛(wèi)生 33

8.2車間衛(wèi)生 33

8.3產(chǎn)品衛(wèi)生 33

8.4消防及安全規(guī)范 33

第9章 環(huán)境保護(hù)與綜合利用 35

9.1廢氣處理 35

9.2 廢水處理和利用 35

9.3廢渣的處理和利用 35

第10章 企業(yè)組織及員工培訓(xùn) 36

10.1 企業(yè)組織 36

10.2 生產(chǎn)組織 36

10.3 人員培訓(xùn) 36

第11章 技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)概算 37

11.1投資指標(biāo) 37

11.2總投資估算 37

11.3投資利潤(rùn)估算 38

第12章 附表 39

12.1 設(shè)備總表 39

12.2 水電能耗表 39

結(jié)論與展望 41

致  謝 42

參考文獻(xiàn) 43