數(shù)控鉆床主軸傳動(dòng)及磚塔裝置的設(shè)計(jì)，此設(shè)計(jì)為四軸頭轉(zhuǎn)塔，配有詳細(xì)計(jì)算過程。

摘    要

數(shù)控機(jī)床是當(dāng)今制造業(yè)最重要的設(shè)備之一。利用機(jī)床尤其是自動(dòng)化性能較強(qiáng)的機(jī)床，能省下不少人力、物力、財(cái)力。鉆床是各大工廠都很普遍的一種機(jī)床，主要加工外形較復(fù)雜，沒有對(duì)稱回轉(zhuǎn)軸線的工件上的孔。鉆床機(jī)床類型主要有立式鉆床、臺(tái)式鉆床、搖臂鉆床以及深孔鉆床等。鉆床可同時(shí)完成鉆孔、擴(kuò)孔、鉸孔、刮平面以及攻螺紋等工作。但是每次換刀時(shí)，都要經(jīng)過一次卸刀和裝刀，之后還要重新設(shè)定刀具位置，倘若每加工一種工序就要換一次刀的話，工時(shí)就會(huì)相對(duì)拉長(zhǎng)。但如果鉆頭有多軸頭的話，就可以一次性多裝夾幾種不同的刀具，加工另一種工序時(shí)，只需要旋轉(zhuǎn)一定角度，就可以自動(dòng)換刀，省了很多人工換刀時(shí)間和校準(zhǔn)的時(shí)間。本設(shè)計(jì)本著這個(gè)理念，對(duì)四軸頭立式數(shù)控轉(zhuǎn)塔進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)與研究。

關(guān)鍵詞：鉆床；數(shù)控轉(zhuǎn)塔；四軸頭；自動(dòng)換刀

ABSTRACT

Numeral control machine tool is one of the important equipment to the manufacturing industry. We can use the faction about automate to save many manpower、material resource and financial.Drilling machine is widely used in each factory. It is mainly to process the complex structure part which do not have turn round axis. The main type of drilling machine is : vertical drilling machine、table-top drilling machine、valve rocker drilling machine and deep hole drilling machine and so on. Drilling machine can do the things about bore the hole、expand hole、ream hole、scrape plane、tapping and so on.But when to the time to change the cutter,we have to disassemble the cutter and install another cutter, then we have to set up a new coordinate for the new cutter, it waste many time .But if the drilling machine have many other axles, we can install other kinds of cutters on it.When need to process another process,just need to change the turret’s angle, it will automatic tool change .It save many time to install or calibrate.Because of the concept of this design,I will design and research four axis vertical NC turret .

Key words:Drilling machine;CNC turret; four axis;automatic tool change

目    錄
 
    第一章   緒論 1
      1.1  選題背景 1
   1.2  轉(zhuǎn)塔頭在數(shù)控鉆床上應(yīng)用的歷史與現(xiàn)狀 1
   1.3  研制轉(zhuǎn)塔頭的目的和意義 4
   1.4  本章小結(jié) 4
    第二章 主軸傳動(dòng)和轉(zhuǎn)塔頭的設(shè)計(jì) 5
   2.1  設(shè)計(jì)方案論證 5
   2.2  電機(jī)的選擇 5
   2.3  主軸切削力和最大扭矩的計(jì)算 7
   2.4  主軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 10
   2.5  齒輪的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和校核 16
   2.6  鍵的設(shè)計(jì)與校核 21
   2.7 軸承的設(shè)計(jì)選擇 25
    第三章    中心液壓缸的設(shè)計(jì) 31
   3.1  中心液壓缸的設(shè)計(jì) 31
   3.2  螺栓強(qiáng)度的校核 33
    參考文獻(xiàn) 35
    附錄
    外文資料
    中文譯文
    致謝