車間低壓配電系統(tǒng)畢業(yè)設計

共31頁

摘要:電能是工業(yè)生產的主要動力能源，工廠供電設計的任務是從電力系統(tǒng)取得電源，經過合理的傳輸、變換、分配到工廠車間中每一個用電設備上，隨著工業(yè)電氣自動化技術的發(fā)展，工廠用電量快速增長，對電能質量、供電可靠性以及技術經濟指標等的要求也日益提高，供電設計是否完善，不僅影響工廠的基本建設投資、運行費用和有色金屬消耗量，而且也反映到工廠的可靠性和工廠的安全生產上，它與企業(yè)的經濟效益、設備和人身安全等是密切相關的。
現(xiàn)在除個別大型工業(yè)聯(lián)合企業(yè)有自備電廠外，絕大多數(shù)工廠都是從國家電力系統(tǒng)取得電能的，因此，工廠工業(yè)負荷是電力系統(tǒng)的主要用戶，工廠供電系統(tǒng)也是電力系統(tǒng)的一個組成部分，保證安全供電和經濟運行，不僅關系到企業(yè)的利益，也關系到電力系統(tǒng)的安全和經濟運行以及合理利用能源。
工廠供電設計必須遵循國家的各項方針政策，設計方案必須符合國家標準中的有關規(guī)定，同時必須滿足以下幾項基本要求：
1、安全　　在電能的供應、分配和使用中，不應發(fā)生人身事故和設備事故。
2、可靠　　應滿足能用戶對供電可靠性的要求。
3、優(yōu)質　　應滿足電能用戶對電壓和頻率等質量的要求。
4、經濟　　供電系統(tǒng)的投資要少，運行費用低，并盡可能工節(jié)約電能和減少有色金屬消耗量。
此外，在供電工作中，應合理地處理局和全局、當前和長遠等關系，既要照顧局部和當前和利益，又要有全局觀點，能顧全大局，適應發(fā)展。
本說明書為某機械制造廠電修低配系統(tǒng)及車間變電所設計說明，該車間的主變壓器容量為630kVA，各電壓等級分別為10kV和0.4kV，車間的負荷均屬三類負荷，根據設計任務書的要求，本設計的主要內容包括：車間的負荷計算及無功補償，確定車間變電所的所址和型式，車間變電所的主緯線方案，短路電流計算，主要用電設備選擇和校驗，車間變電所整定繼電保護和防雷保護及接地裝置的設計等。
由于本人初步設計，設計資料欠周全，電氣設備的參數(shù)一般引用現(xiàn)有產品，個別參數(shù)在指導老師指導下，選用較新數(shù)據，計算所用方法依照《工廠供電設計指導》規(guī)定進行計算的，在保證可靠性的前提下，經計算和校驗，本人水平有限和不完善之處，錯漏難免，請指導老師指正，本人不勝感激。

Preface
Electrical energy is the main motivate part of the industrial production. Factories supply power design duty to obtain power source from the electrical power system, pass through the reasonable transmission, transformation, and assigns to the factory workshop in on each current collector. Along with the industry electricity automation technology development, factories with the electric quantity rapid growth, to the electrical energy quality, the power supply reliability as well as the technology economic indicator and so on the request also day by day enhances .The power supply designs whether consummates, not only affects the factory the capital investment, the operating cost and the non-ferrous metal consumption, moreover also reflected to the factory power supply reliability and in the factory safety in production ,it and enterprise’s economic efficiency ,the equipment and so on is the close correlation .
Now has besides the individual major industry integrated enterprise supplies for oneself the power plant, the majority factory all is obtains the electrical energy from the country electrical power system. Therefore, the factory industry load is the electrical power system main user, the factory power supply system also is an electrical power system constituent, guarantees the safe power supply and the economical movement, not only relates the enterprise the benefit, also relates the electrical power system the security and the economical movement as well as the reasonable use energy .The factory power supply design must follow nation each general and specific policies, the design proposal must conform to in the nation standard related stipulation ,simultaneously must satisfy following several basic requests:
1、Securities-in the electrical energy supply ,assignment and should not have the accident causing personal injury and the equipment accident .
2、Reliable-should satisfy the electrical energy user to the power supply reliable request .
3、High quality–should satisfy the electrical energy user to quality the and so on voltage and frequency request .
4、Economies-power supply system investment must be few, low operating cost ,and saves the electrical energy and the reduced non-ferrous metal consumption as far as possible .
In addition, in the power supply work, should reasonably process the bureau and the overall situation, current and is long term and so on the relations, both must consider partial and the current benefit, and must have the total view, can take the entire situation into account, adaptation development. This instruction booklet repairs a vehicle the low electrical power distribution systems for some mechanical factory electricity and the workshop transformer substation design explanation. This workshop main transformer capacity is 630kVA,various voltages rank respectively is 10kV and 0.4kV, the workshop load is three kinds of loads. According to designs the project description the request, this design main content includes: The workshop load computation and the idle work compensate; definite workshop transformer substation institute site and pattern; Workshop transformer substation host electric coil plan; Short-circuit current computation; mainly current collector choice and verification; Workshop transformer substation setup UPS and anti-radar protection and grounding design and so on .
This is my preliminary design, plus all my design data and sources may incomplete, therefore, I instructed by my professors to help me to select some innovative/ newer material, such as the electrical equipment parameter general quotation existing product, the individual parameter. The computation methods are according to “Factory power supply Design Instruction” to stipulate carries on the computation. After those verification and computation from those resources, it can be guarantee to be ore reliable. It is appreciate and grateful that if you (professor) can point out my mistakes, errors, omissions or misunderstand concepts, based on this is my beginner level of energy design that may not be exactly the perfect concept.

目　　錄
1、車間的負荷計算及無功補償―――――――――――――――――――
2、確定車間變電所的所址和型式――――――――――――――――――
3、確定車間變電所主變壓器型式，容量和臺數(shù)及主結線方案（要求從兩個
比較合理的方案中優(yōu)選）――――――――――――――――――――
4、短路計算，并選擇一次設備（盡量列表）―――――――――――――
5、選擇車間變電所高低進出線截面（包括母線）―――――――――――
6、選擇電源進線的二次回路及整定繼電保護―――――――――――――
7、車間變電所的防雷保護及接地裝置的設計―――――――――――――
8、確定車間低壓配電系統(tǒng)布線方案―――――――――――――――――
9、選擇低壓配電系統(tǒng)的導線及控制保護設備―――――――――――――
10、設計說明書――――――――――――――――――――――――――
11、車間變電所主結線電路圖――――――――――――――――――――
12、車間變電所平、剖面圖―――――――――――――――――――――
13、車間低壓配電系統(tǒng)和平面布線圖―――――――――――――――――
14、結論―――――――――――――――――――――――――――