基于單片機(jī)的自動(dòng)化點(diǎn)焊控制系統(tǒng).doc
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基于單片機(jī)的自動(dòng)化點(diǎn)焊控制系統(tǒng),1.3萬字35頁摘 要點(diǎn)焊在汽車制造業(yè)和其他一些需要精密焊接的領(lǐng)域中發(fā)揮著重要作用。在許多沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化焊接的工業(yè)領(lǐng)域,采用了大量的人工焊接的方法。由于人工操作的隨機(jī)性,漏點(diǎn)、漏焊現(xiàn)象時(shí)有發(fā)生。這又需要增加大量的品質(zhì)人員,以便對點(diǎn)焊質(zhì)量進(jìn)行檢查和巡查。采用單片機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)焊接控制的自動(dòng)化,可以有...
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基于單片機(jī)的自動(dòng)化點(diǎn)焊控制系統(tǒng)
1.3萬字 35頁
摘 要
點(diǎn)焊在汽車制造業(yè)和其他一些需要精密焊接的領(lǐng)域中發(fā)揮著重要作用。在許多沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化焊接的工業(yè)領(lǐng)域,采用了大量的人工焊接的方法。由于人工操作的隨機(jī)性,漏點(diǎn)、漏焊現(xiàn)象時(shí)有發(fā)生。這又需要增加大量的品質(zhì)人員,以便對點(diǎn)焊質(zhì)量進(jìn)行檢查和巡查。采用單片機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)焊接控制的自動(dòng)化,可以有效地改變這一現(xiàn)狀,減少人力并提高焊接質(zhì)量。
本研究根據(jù)上海保隆汽車科技股份有限公司對自己生產(chǎn)線上焊接工藝進(jìn)行改進(jìn)的要求,采用位移傳感器,X/Y軸步進(jìn)電機(jī)等器件,和單片機(jī)一起構(gòu)成閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng),完成了自動(dòng)化點(diǎn)焊控制系統(tǒng)的軟件和硬件設(shè)計(jì),為公司節(jié)省成本和人力資源,提高焊接質(zhì)量和效率,創(chuàng)造了可觀的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。
本文著重論述了界面設(shè)計(jì)和相關(guān)程序的編寫.主要采用單片機(jī)技術(shù)、液晶顯示(LCD)技術(shù)、脈寬調(diào)制(PWM)技術(shù),完成焊接操作機(jī)的數(shù)字控制和自動(dòng)化焊接,實(shí)現(xiàn)焊點(diǎn)的精確定位與界面程序的編寫。
【關(guān)鍵詞】
點(diǎn)焊 自動(dòng)化 閉環(huán)控制 液晶顯示(LCD) 脈寬調(diào)制(PWM)
MCU-based automatic
control system for spot-welding
Abstract
Spot-welding in the automotive manufacturing and other areas of needing exact welding plays an important role. There is no automatic welding in many industrial areas of welding, using a large number of methods with manual welding. Because of the randomicity in the manual operation, the phenomenon of leak and leakage in the welding occur from time to time. And again, this needs to increase a large number of personnel who examine product qualities, to carry out spot checks and inspections of the quality. Adopting single-chip computer control to achieve welding automation is an effective way to change this status quo, to reduce the manpower and improve the welding quality.
In this study, according to the request for their production lines to improve the welding process in Shanghai Baolong Automotive Technology Co., Ltd., the components of displacement sensors, X / Y-axis stepper motor devices and so on, constitute a closed-loop control system with single-chip computer. And we use them to complete the software and hardware designs of the automated spot-welding control system ,in order to save costs & human resources for the company, to improve the quality and efficiency of welding, thus creating a considerable economic benefits.
This article focuses on the interface design and related procedures for the preparation. Mainly we have adopted single-chip technology, liquid crystal display(LCD)technology and pulse width modulation(PWM)technology to complete the digital control and automatic welding with the welding operation machine, to achieve precise position of the solder joint and to write interface procedures.
【Key words】
spot-welding automation closed-loop control
liquid crystal display(LCD) pulse width modulation(PWM)
目 錄
緒論…………………………………………………………………………………… (1)
1 設(shè)計(jì)要求………………………………………………………………………………(1)
1.1技術(shù)概要……………………………………………………………………………(1)
1.2 系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)功能……………………………………………………………………(1)
2 設(shè)計(jì)原理………………………………………………………………………………(2)
2.1 硬件設(shè)計(jì)及實(shí)現(xiàn)………………………………………………………………… (2)
2.1.1 結(jié)構(gòu)框圖…………………………………………………………………(2)
2.1.2 中央處理單元……………………………………………………………(3)
2.1.2.1 MCU的管腳圖……………………………………………………(3)
2.1.2.2 MCU與電源………………………………………………………(3)
2.1.2.3 MCU與晶振……………………………………………………(4)
2.1.2.4 MCU與接近開關(guān)…………………………………………………(4)
2.1.2.5 MCU與步進(jìn)電機(jī)………………………………………………(5)
2.1.3 反饋單元…………………………………………………………………(6)
2.1.4 焊接單元…………………………………………………………………(6)
2.1.5 按鍵控制單元……………………………………………………………(7)
2.1.6 液晶顯示單元……………………………………………………………(8)
2.2 界面設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)…………………………………………………………………(9)
2.2.1按鍵分布與功能說明……………………………………………………(9)
2.2.1.1按鍵分布圖……………………………………………………(9)
2.2.1.1按鍵功能說明…………………………………………………(9)
2.2.2界面顯示與按鍵操作……………………………………………………(9)
2.2.2.1 界面關(guān)系圖……………………………………………………(9)
2.2.2.2 主界面………………………………………………………(10)
2.2.2.3 采點(diǎn)時(shí)的選點(diǎn)界面…………………………………………(11)
2.2.2.4采點(diǎn)顯示界面………………………………………………(11)
2.2.2.5 設(shè)置時(shí)的選擇界面…………………………………………(12)
2.2.2.6 焊點(diǎn)選擇界面………………………………………………(12)
2.2.2.7 焊點(diǎn)參數(shù)設(shè)置界面…………………………………………(13)
2.2.2.8 汽缸選擇界面………………………………………………(13)
2.2.2.9 汽缸參數(shù)設(shè)置界面……………………………………………(14)
2.2.2.10 操作界面……………………………………………………(15)
2.2.2.11 復(fù)位界面……………………………………………………(15)
2.3軟件設(shè)計(jì)及實(shí)現(xiàn)…………………………………………………………………(16)
2.3.1軟件功能…………………………………………………………………(16)
2.3.2重要程序設(shè)計(jì)舉例………………………………………………………(16)
2.3.2.1 按鍵程序設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………(16)
2.3.2.2 液晶顯示程序設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………………(16)
2.3.2.3 電機(jī)和汽缸運(yùn)的程序設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………(18)
2.3.3軟件程序流程圖設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………(19)
3 設(shè)計(jì)總結(jié)………………………………………………………………………………(19)
3.1設(shè)計(jì)成果…………………………………………………………………………(19)
3.2 設(shè)計(jì)中的不足以及改進(jìn)方向……………………………………………………(19)
參考文獻(xiàn)…………………………………………………………………………………(20)
附錄A………………………………………………………………………………………(21)
附錄B ……………………………………………………………………………………(23)
附錄C ……………………………………………………………………………………(26)
參考文獻(xiàn)
[11] 電磁式繼電器的工作原理和特性詳見 資料繼電器的工作原理和特性.doc .
[12] 周明德,蔣本珊.微機(jī)原理與接口技術(shù).北京:人民郵電出版社. 2002年4月.
[13] YM1604AP-1的使用手冊詳見 資料字符使用說明書.pdf.
[14] 譚浩強(qiáng).C程序設(shè)計(jì)(第三版).北京:清華大學(xué)出版社. 2005年7月.
[15] 按鍵程序按鍵掃描設(shè)計(jì)思路詳見 資料單片機(jī)鍵盤全接觸.pdf .
附錄A:
/*------------------------ 主程序-----------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "head.h"
void main(void)
{
DisableInterrupts;
mcu_init(); //對LJ-12單片機(jī)進(jìn)行初始化
port_init(); //對LJ-12單片機(jī)的端口進(jìn)行初始化
......
附錄B:
//------------------------------鍵盤掃描-----------------------------------------//
void key_scan(void)
{
unsigned char temp; // 中間變量
unsigned char temp_v; //中間變量
PTA|=0x00; // PTA=0x77
PTA0=0; //第一列置0
PTA1=1;
PTA2=1;
temp_v=PTA;
......
附錄C:
//------------------------------------汽缸控制子程序-----------------------------------//
void cylinder(void)
{
CYL_2=1;
if(flag_sec_timer) // flag_sec_timer=1停止并復(fù)位計(jì)數(shù)器1
{
delay_1ms(1000);
T1SC_TSTOP=1; // 停止計(jì)數(shù)器1
T1SC_TRST=1; // 復(fù)位T1
T1SC=0x46; // 使能溢出中斷,64分頻
......
1.3萬字 35頁
摘 要
點(diǎn)焊在汽車制造業(yè)和其他一些需要精密焊接的領(lǐng)域中發(fā)揮著重要作用。在許多沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化焊接的工業(yè)領(lǐng)域,采用了大量的人工焊接的方法。由于人工操作的隨機(jī)性,漏點(diǎn)、漏焊現(xiàn)象時(shí)有發(fā)生。這又需要增加大量的品質(zhì)人員,以便對點(diǎn)焊質(zhì)量進(jìn)行檢查和巡查。采用單片機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)焊接控制的自動(dòng)化,可以有效地改變這一現(xiàn)狀,減少人力并提高焊接質(zhì)量。
本研究根據(jù)上海保隆汽車科技股份有限公司對自己生產(chǎn)線上焊接工藝進(jìn)行改進(jìn)的要求,采用位移傳感器,X/Y軸步進(jìn)電機(jī)等器件,和單片機(jī)一起構(gòu)成閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng),完成了自動(dòng)化點(diǎn)焊控制系統(tǒng)的軟件和硬件設(shè)計(jì),為公司節(jié)省成本和人力資源,提高焊接質(zhì)量和效率,創(chuàng)造了可觀的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。
本文著重論述了界面設(shè)計(jì)和相關(guān)程序的編寫.主要采用單片機(jī)技術(shù)、液晶顯示(LCD)技術(shù)、脈寬調(diào)制(PWM)技術(shù),完成焊接操作機(jī)的數(shù)字控制和自動(dòng)化焊接,實(shí)現(xiàn)焊點(diǎn)的精確定位與界面程序的編寫。
【關(guān)鍵詞】
點(diǎn)焊 自動(dòng)化 閉環(huán)控制 液晶顯示(LCD) 脈寬調(diào)制(PWM)
MCU-based automatic
control system for spot-welding
Abstract
Spot-welding in the automotive manufacturing and other areas of needing exact welding plays an important role. There is no automatic welding in many industrial areas of welding, using a large number of methods with manual welding. Because of the randomicity in the manual operation, the phenomenon of leak and leakage in the welding occur from time to time. And again, this needs to increase a large number of personnel who examine product qualities, to carry out spot checks and inspections of the quality. Adopting single-chip computer control to achieve welding automation is an effective way to change this status quo, to reduce the manpower and improve the welding quality.
In this study, according to the request for their production lines to improve the welding process in Shanghai Baolong Automotive Technology Co., Ltd., the components of displacement sensors, X / Y-axis stepper motor devices and so on, constitute a closed-loop control system with single-chip computer. And we use them to complete the software and hardware designs of the automated spot-welding control system ,in order to save costs & human resources for the company, to improve the quality and efficiency of welding, thus creating a considerable economic benefits.
This article focuses on the interface design and related procedures for the preparation. Mainly we have adopted single-chip technology, liquid crystal display(LCD)technology and pulse width modulation(PWM)technology to complete the digital control and automatic welding with the welding operation machine, to achieve precise position of the solder joint and to write interface procedures.
【Key words】
spot-welding automation closed-loop control
liquid crystal display(LCD) pulse width modulation(PWM)
目 錄
緒論…………………………………………………………………………………… (1)
1 設(shè)計(jì)要求………………………………………………………………………………(1)
1.1技術(shù)概要……………………………………………………………………………(1)
1.2 系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)功能……………………………………………………………………(1)
2 設(shè)計(jì)原理………………………………………………………………………………(2)
2.1 硬件設(shè)計(jì)及實(shí)現(xiàn)………………………………………………………………… (2)
2.1.1 結(jié)構(gòu)框圖…………………………………………………………………(2)
2.1.2 中央處理單元……………………………………………………………(3)
2.1.2.1 MCU的管腳圖……………………………………………………(3)
2.1.2.2 MCU與電源………………………………………………………(3)
2.1.2.3 MCU與晶振……………………………………………………(4)
2.1.2.4 MCU與接近開關(guān)…………………………………………………(4)
2.1.2.5 MCU與步進(jìn)電機(jī)………………………………………………(5)
2.1.3 反饋單元…………………………………………………………………(6)
2.1.4 焊接單元…………………………………………………………………(6)
2.1.5 按鍵控制單元……………………………………………………………(7)
2.1.6 液晶顯示單元……………………………………………………………(8)
2.2 界面設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)…………………………………………………………………(9)
2.2.1按鍵分布與功能說明……………………………………………………(9)
2.2.1.1按鍵分布圖……………………………………………………(9)
2.2.1.1按鍵功能說明…………………………………………………(9)
2.2.2界面顯示與按鍵操作……………………………………………………(9)
2.2.2.1 界面關(guān)系圖……………………………………………………(9)
2.2.2.2 主界面………………………………………………………(10)
2.2.2.3 采點(diǎn)時(shí)的選點(diǎn)界面…………………………………………(11)
2.2.2.4采點(diǎn)顯示界面………………………………………………(11)
2.2.2.5 設(shè)置時(shí)的選擇界面…………………………………………(12)
2.2.2.6 焊點(diǎn)選擇界面………………………………………………(12)
2.2.2.7 焊點(diǎn)參數(shù)設(shè)置界面…………………………………………(13)
2.2.2.8 汽缸選擇界面………………………………………………(13)
2.2.2.9 汽缸參數(shù)設(shè)置界面……………………………………………(14)
2.2.2.10 操作界面……………………………………………………(15)
2.2.2.11 復(fù)位界面……………………………………………………(15)
2.3軟件設(shè)計(jì)及實(shí)現(xiàn)…………………………………………………………………(16)
2.3.1軟件功能…………………………………………………………………(16)
2.3.2重要程序設(shè)計(jì)舉例………………………………………………………(16)
2.3.2.1 按鍵程序設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………(16)
2.3.2.2 液晶顯示程序設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………………(16)
2.3.2.3 電機(jī)和汽缸運(yùn)的程序設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………(18)
2.3.3軟件程序流程圖設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………(19)
3 設(shè)計(jì)總結(jié)………………………………………………………………………………(19)
3.1設(shè)計(jì)成果…………………………………………………………………………(19)
3.2 設(shè)計(jì)中的不足以及改進(jìn)方向……………………………………………………(19)
參考文獻(xiàn)…………………………………………………………………………………(20)
附錄A………………………………………………………………………………………(21)
附錄B ……………………………………………………………………………………(23)
附錄C ……………………………………………………………………………………(26)
參考文獻(xiàn)
[11] 電磁式繼電器的工作原理和特性詳見 資料繼電器的工作原理和特性.doc .
[12] 周明德,蔣本珊.微機(jī)原理與接口技術(shù).北京:人民郵電出版社. 2002年4月.
[13] YM1604AP-1的使用手冊詳見 資料字符使用說明書.pdf.
[14] 譚浩強(qiáng).C程序設(shè)計(jì)(第三版).北京:清華大學(xué)出版社. 2005年7月.
[15] 按鍵程序按鍵掃描設(shè)計(jì)思路詳見 資料單片機(jī)鍵盤全接觸.pdf .
附錄A:
/*------------------------ 主程序-----------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "head.h"
void main(void)
{
DisableInterrupts;
mcu_init(); //對LJ-12單片機(jī)進(jìn)行初始化
port_init(); //對LJ-12單片機(jī)的端口進(jìn)行初始化
......
附錄B:
//------------------------------鍵盤掃描-----------------------------------------//
void key_scan(void)
{
unsigned char temp; // 中間變量
unsigned char temp_v; //中間變量
PTA|=0x00; // PTA=0x77
PTA0=0; //第一列置0
PTA1=1;
PTA2=1;
temp_v=PTA;
......
附錄C:
//------------------------------------汽缸控制子程序-----------------------------------//
void cylinder(void)
{
CYL_2=1;
if(flag_sec_timer) // flag_sec_timer=1停止并復(fù)位計(jì)數(shù)器1
{
delay_1ms(1000);
T1SC_TSTOP=1; // 停止計(jì)數(shù)器1
T1SC_TRST=1; // 復(fù)位T1
T1SC=0x46; // 使能溢出中斷,64分頻
......